THE HORSE. 165 



on these eruptions. In such manoeuvres, I once had occasion to re- 

 view some one hundred horses that were turned loose into a riding- 

 place for the night, and ran about among each other ' pell-mell.' 

 Of the one hundred, seven were found having glanders. How 

 many of the balance, the further life of which I could not follow, 

 could also become infected ? How different would be the ideas of 

 another veterinarian who should examine the balance of these ani- 

 mals after the manoeuvres were over ! What cause could he sur- 

 mise for their infection other than the vicissitudes of the exercises, 

 unless he were a contagionist \ " 



But the utter ridiculousness of the spontaneous-generation the- 

 ory — the bad air, bad hygiene, and composite evil theories — finds 

 an easy explanation when we come to study the peculiarly in- 

 sidious nature of pulmonary glanders, which often leads to years 

 of support of a contagious center, without even exciting the sus- 

 picion of any one, especially in a country like ours, where the 

 average animal practitioners — I will not call them veterinarians — 

 know less than nothing of the principles or practice of veterinary 

 science. 



The very insidious nature of pulmonary glanders, when the spe- 

 cific processes of the disease are so deeply seated as to be beyond 

 our positive recognition, is very nicely illustrated by the following 

 cases, which could be easily enough augmented by reference to 

 veterinary literature : 



Case I. — Chronic Glanders in the Horse. — " A ten-year-old 

 mare was brought to the Munich school by its owner on the 10th 

 of April, 1876, which had been suffering for several weeks with a 

 nasal discharge, accompanied by some general disturbance. 



Status prcesens. — Examination on seeing the animal: No fever; 

 the left intermaxillary gland swollen, with a node in it as large as a 

 hazel-nut ; the right less swollen ; not sensitive to touch ; the over- 

 lying cutis not attached ; a profuse muco-purulent discharge from 

 left nostril ; the mucosa, so far as visible, diffusely hyperaemic, 

 swollen ; some serous secretion from the right nostril ; the mucosa 

 less red than that of the left side ; an occasional dry cough." * 



Such a condition as the above, while it lacks all positive symp- 

 toms of glanders, justifies the strongest suspicion that such is the 

 case ; said suspicion, and a consequential police supervision of the 

 horse, must exist, either until the symptoms entirely disappear, or 

 the diagnosis is confirmed in some other way. 



The owner of this horse, and the veterinarian who attended to 



* " Deutsche Zeitschrift fiir Thiermedicin," Erstes Supplement, 1878. 



