196 THE DISEASES OF DOMESTIC ANIMALS. 



gested vessels, outside of which we frequently find more or less 

 desquamative pneumonia. 



" They undergo different metamorphoses ; sometimes fatty de- 

 generation or calcification. 



" These calcified centers can often be removed as small calculi 

 from the connective-tissue capsule, or limiting membrane. The de- 

 velopment of ulcers most frequently occurs in the mucosa of the 

 respiratory tract and in the cutis ; neoplastic and degenerative pro- 

 cesses following successively on each other." 



Infiltrated Neoplastic Processes. 



" By this is meant diffuse, not sharply circumscribed, neoplas- 

 tic growths, composed of a gelatinous, pellucid, yellowish, reddish, 

 or grayish mass. 



" This condition is most frequently met with in the mucosa of 

 the nose, the sinuses of the head, the larynx, and trachea ; they ex- 

 tend but little above the surface of the mucosa proper. 



" They undergo, generally, two forms of metamorphosis : 



" a. Desquamation of the epithelium takes place upon the dis- 

 eased localities, leaving an ulcerated surface. The cellular ele- 

 ments prevail to even a greater extent than in the nodes. They 

 vary much in size. They undergo dissolution very rapidly, and give 

 the most pregnant examples of glanders ulceration. 



" b. The fibrous character may predominate, and it is in this form 

 that cicatrization takes place." 



Yirchow differs from Leisering, in that he thinks the cicatrices 

 proceed from the ulcers, rather than from the infiltrated form 

 glanders. Bollinger looks upon the cicatrices as processes of natural 

 healing of ulcerated surfaces, whether the same come from ulcera- 

 tive or infiltrated disturbances. 



In nasal glanders we frequently find intensive thrombosis of 

 the veins of the septum and turbinated bones, as well as of the lym- 

 phatics. 



The mucosa of the sinuses of the head is very delicate in a nor- 

 mal condition ; in many cases of glanders we find it the subject of 

 neoplastic processes, mostly of the diffuse form, interrupted by 

 numerous circumscribed places of a more fibrous character, which 

 project above the general surface. The mucosa and periosteum of 

 these cavities form one membrane, and it is self-evident that one 

 can not be complicated without the disturbance extending to the 

 others, which leads to the developmont of osteophytes and hyperos- 

 toses, which remain after the mucosa has been removed by maceration. 



