THE HORSE. 197 



Haubner, of Dresden, has endeavored, and often successfully, to 

 make use of these complications of the sinuses of the head as aids 

 to diagnosis in doubtful cases of glanders. By trepanning, the dis- 

 eased nature of the mucosa and bones may frequently be seen, and 

 in many cases the true nature of the disease may be determined by 

 the ulcerative character which the healing wound of the operation 

 assumes, although this can not be said to be an invariable rule. 



"We also find these diffuse neoplastic processes in the lungs of 

 varying size and quantity. Sometimes they are on the edges, and 

 at others in the body of the lung. In their substance tubercles may 

 be often found ; the adjoining tissue is generally more or less hyper- 

 semic. 



At first, these places consist of a yellow, gelatinous mass ; later, 

 the cellular or fibroid character may prevail. In the first case, they 

 present some characteristics of gray hepatization / in the last, the 

 cut surface is dry, and the resistance to the knife greater in making 

 a transverse section. 



These infiltrations undergo the same metamorphoses which we 

 have learned in the tubercles, and complicate the pulmonary tissue 

 in their dissolution. In general, caseification and calcification take 

 place. They are frequently circumscribed by a sort of connective- 

 tissue capsule. 



The processes in the cutis and limiting muscles have the same 

 characteristics as those in the lungs and nasal cavities, except that 

 the lymphatics are more considerably complicated. They frequent- 

 ly terminate in extensive sclerosis of the subcutaneous cellular tis- 

 sues or the development of ulcers, farcy-buds, or abscesses. Ery- 

 sipelatous and phlegmonous complications of the cutis and subcutis 

 are by no means uncommon, especially in the extremities. 



As secondary complications of glanders, we often find bronchitis 

 and broncho-pneumonia in the lungs, especially in the anterior and 

 deeper portions. 



Another peculiar pulmonary complication, though not specific to 

 glanders alone, as it comes also in aged and worn-out horses, is 

 known as gelatinous infiltrations. 



This condition being so common, and so little noticed in works 

 on veterinary pathology, I feel justified in touching upon it here. 



Schutz, the able pathologist of the Veterinary School at Berlin, 

 says, " This condition occurs quite frequently in the lungs of horses 

 complicated with glanders, and I must admit that I have had no 

 little difficulty in following its genesis." * 



* " Lungenkrankheiten des Pferdes." 



