The Geology of Hingham. 59 



accounted for, as currents of water on the melting glacier would 

 ordinarily run towards the retreating ice front. 



From quite a full account of the Karnes of New England by the 

 Rev. G. P. Wright, published in the " Proceedings of the Boston 

 Society of Natural History," Vol. XXII. , Part 2, there are several 

 mentioned which had been traced over one hundred miles. These 

 ridges vary in height from a few feet to nearly or quite one hun- 

 dred, often having very steep slopes and narrow summits. Thev 

 are composed generally of stones, gravel, and sand. 



It is necessary, before proceeding further, to mention that the 

 term " kaines " is not now so restrictively used, to signify merely the 

 long ridges of glacial material referred to above, but is made to 

 include the numerous hills and hillocks of the same character, 

 which are found often associated with the ridges, especially 

 towards the termination of the ice-sheet, and, like them, deposited 

 by the melting ice during its retreat from the surface. The ma- 

 terial is the same and its origin the same, the only difference 

 consisting in the method of its deposition. 



There are frequently found among the kame hills and hillocks, 

 and often along the sides of the ridges, deep depressions of the 

 surface, sometimes many acres in extent, which are known as 

 " kettle-holes " and of which an account will be given further 

 on. 



Few, if any, of the towns of the State can show more interesting 

 mementos of the great ice period than Hingham. What with the 

 grand lenticular hills ; the kame ridges and kame hills ; the gla- 

 ciated and striated rocks ; the large bowlders dropped from the 

 ice and scattered here and there over the surface ; the deep 

 kettle-holes where masses of the ice rested, — one could scarcely 

 ask for more. 



Besides all this, however, the Indian pot-holes of which a 

 description has been given may be seen by taking a short ride 

 to the town of Cohasset, once a part of Hingham. 



KAME RIDGES OF HINGHAM. 



One of the most interesting of the kame ridges of the town is to 

 be found on the northern and northeastern borders of Accord 

 Pond. Where the small structures of the Hingham Water Com- 

 pany stand, at the margin of the pond near Whiting Street, the 

 ridge, which was approximately continuous, is no longer so, and 

 here are presented to view two transverse sections separated from 

 each other for a distance of 350 feet. The direction of the kame 

 at this place was about south-southeast, as shown by a line between 

 the two exposed faces. Following this southern portion, it is 

 found to skirt the pond in a somewhat irregular course, varying 

 from cast to southeast, and ends just before reaching Hingham 

 Street in Rockland. The northerly part of the kame, commencing 



