CONTENTS. 



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PAGE 1 



The Tongue i573 



General Description i573 



The Glands of the Tongue i575 



The Muscles of the Tongue 1577 



The Subungual Space 1581 



The Salivary Glands 1582 



The Parotid Gland 1582 



The Submaxillary Gland 1583 



The Sublingual Gland 1585 



Structure of the Salivary Glands. .. . 1585 

 Development of the Oral Glands. . . . 1589 

 Practical Considerations : The Mouth . . . 1589 

 Malformations : Harelip and Cleft 



Palate 1589 



The Lips 1590 



The Gums 1590 



The Teeth 1591 



The Roof of the Mouth 1592 



The Floor of the Mouth 1593 



The Cheeks 1594 



The Tongue 1594 



The Pharynx 1596 



The Naso-Pharynx 1598 



The Oro-Pharynx 1598 



The Laryngo-Pharynx 1598 



The Lymphoid Structures 1599 



The Faucial Tonsils 1600 



The Pharyngeal Tonsil 1601 



Relations of the Pharynx 1601 



Development and Growth of Pharynx 1603 



Muscles of the Pharynx 1604 



Practical Considerations: The Pharynx. . 1606 



The Oesophagus 1609 



General Description 1609 



Course and Relations . .' 1609 



Structure 161 1 



Practical Considerations : CEsophagus . . 1613 



Congenital Malformations. 1613 



Foreign Bodies 1613 



Strictures 1614 



Carcinoma 1614 



Extrinsic Disease 1614 



Diverticula 1614 



The Abdominal Cavity 1615 



The Stomach 1617 



General Description 1617 



Peritoneal Relations 1619 



Position and Relations 1619 



Structure 1621 



Growth 1629 



Variations . .'. 1629 



Practical Considerations : The Stomach 1629 



Congenital Malformations 1629 



Injuries of the Stomach . 1630 



Ulcers and Cancer 1631 



Dilatation and Displacement 1631 



Operations on the Stomach 1632 



The Small Intestine 1633 



General Description 1633 



Structure 1 634 



The Duodenum 1644 



Duodeno-Jejunal Fossae 1647 



Interior of the Duodenum 1648 



The Jejuno-Ileum 1649 



The Mesentery and Topography .... 1650 



Meckel's Diverticulum 1652 



Practical Considerations: The Small In- 

 testine 1652 



The Peritoneal Coat 1652 



The Muscular Coat 1653 



The Mucous and Submucous Coats 1653 



Ulcers of the Duodenum 1653 



Infection 1654 



PAGE 



Practical Considerations : The Small In- 

 testine — Continued 



Typhoid Ulcers 1654 



Contusion and Rupture 1654 



Obstruction '. 1655 



Operations 1656 



The Large Intestine 1657 



General Description 1657 



Structure 1657 



The Ctecum 1660 



The Vermiform Appendix 1664 



Peritoneal Relations 1665 



Pericecal Fossae 1666 



Retro-Colic Fossae 1667 



The Colon 1668 



General Description 1668 



Peritoneal Relations 1670 



The Sigmoid Flexure 1671 



Development and Growth 1671 



The Rectum 1672 



The Anal Canal ] 673 



The Anus 1673 



Muscles and Fasciae of Rectum and 



Anus 1675 



The Ischio-Rectal Fossa 167S 



Pract. Consid.: The Large Intestine .. . 1680 



The Caecum 1680 



The Vermiform Appendix 1681 



Etiology of Appendicitis 1681 



Anatomical Points relating to the 

 Symptoms and to the Treat- 

 ment of Appendicitis 1683 



Operations for Appendicitis .... 1685 



The Colon and Sigmoid Flexure. .. . 1685 



Distention and Rupture 1686 



Displacements 1686 



Obstruction and Stricture 1687 



Wounds 1688 



Operations 1688 



The Rectum and Anal Canal 1689 



Development of the Alimentary Canal . . 1694 



Formation of the Mouth 1694 



Formation of the Anus 1695 



Differentiation of the Body-Cavity . . 1700 



Development of the Peritoneum. . . . 1702 



The Liver 1705 



General Description 1705 



Borders and Surfaces 1707 



Blood-Vessels 1709 



Structure 1712 



The Hepatic Duct 1718 



The Gall-Bladder 1719 



The Common Bile-Duct 1720 



Peritoneal Relations of the Liver . . . 1721 



Position of the Liver 1722 



Development and Growth 1723 



Pract. Consid.: The Biliary Apparatus . . 1726 

 Anomalies in Form and Position of 



the Liver 1726 



Hepatoptosis and Hepatopexy 1726 



Obstruction of Hepatic Circulation. . 1727 



Wounds and Hepatic Abscess 1727 



Malformations of Gail-Bladder 1729 



Wounds and Rupture 1729 



Distention and Cholecystitis 1729 



The Cystic and Common Bile-Ducts_. 1731 

 Operations on Gail-Bladder and Bili- 

 ary Ducts 1732 



The Pancreas 1732 



General Description 1732 



Structure i734 



Pancreatic Ducts 1736 



Development i737 



