THE INTERNAL MAXILLARY ARTERY. 



741 



(7) The buccal branch (a. buccinatoria ) passes downward and forward with the buccal 

 nerve along the anterior border of the tendon of the temporal muscle, and supplies the bucci- 

 nator muscle and the mucous membrane of the mouth. 



From the third or spheno-maxillary portion arise (i) the alveolar^ (2) the infraorbital, 

 (3) the descending palatine, (4) the Vidian, (5) the ptery go-palatine, and (6) the spheno- 

 palatine. 



{k) The alveolar branch (a. alveolaris superior posterior) descends upon the tuberosity of 

 the maxilla, giving off branches which penetrate small foramina in that bone and are distributed 

 to the molar and premolar teeth and the gums of the upper jaw and to the mucous membrane 

 lining the antrum of Highmore. The main stem terminates upon the tuberosity of the maxilla 

 by breaking up into a plexus with which branches from the buccal artery unite. 



Anterior temporal 

 Posterior tempoial 



Middle temporal 



Transverse facial 



Great meningeal 



Superficial temporal 



Small meningeal 



Tympanic 



Internal maxillary 



Inferior dental artery 



Mylo-hyoid artery 



Posterior auricular 



Inferior dental nerve 



Sterno-mastoid artery 



Occipital artery 



Tonsillar artery 



Ascending palatine 



Hypoglossal nerve 



Facial artery 



Internal carotid 

 External carotid 

 Superior thyroid 

 Common carotid 



Sterno-mastoid arterv 



Fig. 693. 



Coronoid process 

 of mandible with 

 insertion of tem- 

 poral muscle 



Buccinator 



Superior coro- 

 nary artery 



Inferior coro- 

 nary artery 



Inferior labial 

 artery 



Mental branch of 

 facial emerging 

 from mental for- 

 amen 



Submental artery 



Genio-hyoid 



muscle 

 Lingual artery 



Hyoglossus mus- 

 cle, cut 



Mylo-hyoid mus- 

 cle of left side 



Superior laryn- 

 geal artery 



Thyro-hyoid 

 muscle 



External carotid, internal maxillary and inferior dental arteries ; condyle and 

 outer table of mandible have been removed. 



(/) The infraorbital artery (a. infraorbilalis) frequently arises in common with the alveolar. 

 It passes forward and upward through the spheno-maxillary fossa and the spheno-maxillary 

 foramen to traverse the infraorbital groo\e and canal along with the infraorbital nerve. In this 

 part of its course it gives off {aa) orbital braiiches, distributed to the adipose tissue of the orbit 

 and to the neighboring muscles of the eye, and {bb) anterior dental bra7iches (aa. alveolares 

 superiores anteriores) which pass down the anterior wall of the antrum of Highmore, along with 

 the anterior and middle superior dental nerves, to supply the mucous membrane lining the 

 antrum and the canine and incisor teeth of the upper jaw. The main stem emerges upon the 

 face at the infraorbital foramen and divides into {cc) palpebral, {dd) nasal and fee) labial 

 branches, whose distribution is indicated by their names, and which anastomose with the nasal 

 and lachrymal branches of the ophthalmic arter^^ the transverse facial branch of the superficial 

 temporal, and the superior coronary and angular branches of the facial. 



(?;/) The descending palatine artery (a. palatina descendens) accompanies the anterior pala- 

 tine nerve from the spheno-palatine ganglion through the posterior palatine canal, and, on its 



