982 



HUMAN ANATOMY. 



Aorta 



cervical nodes. Finally, it is to be remembered that numerous communications 

 exist between the superficial hepatic lymphatics and those which form the net-work 

 on the abdominal surface of the diaphragm. 



The Spleen. — The lymphatics of the spleen are arranged in a superficial and 

 a deep set, numerous communications occurring between the two. The vessels 

 of the superficial set are subserous in position and converge toward the hilus to 

 terminate in the adjacent pancreatico-splenic nodes, to which the deep lymphatics, 

 which accompany the blood-vessels of the spleen, also pass. 



The Kidneys and Ureters. — The lymphatics of the kidney form three net- 

 works, one of which is situated in the cortical tissue of the kidney, the second, whose 

 meshes are very fine, is situated immediately beneath the fibrous capsule, while the 

 third occurs beneath the peritoneum in the superficial portions of the adipose capsule. 

 The efferents of the cortical net-work follow the branches of the renal vessels 

 through the medullary substance and emerge at the hilus in the form of from four to 



seven vessels, which pass 

 Fig. 823. /^ ^ toward the median line of 



the posterior abdominal 

 wall along the course of 

 the renal veins, and termi- 

 nate in the upper nodes of 

 the lateral lumbar groups 

 (Fig. 823). Those which 

 come from the right kid- 

 ney terminate partly in 

 nodes which lie in front 

 of the inferior vena cava, 

 and partly in two or three 

 large nodes which are 

 situated behind that vessel 

 upon the right crus of the 

 diaphragm. The el^erents 

 from these nodes pierce 

 the crus and terminate 

 directly in the thoracic 

 duct. The uppermost 

 nodes to which the vessels 

 of the left kidney pass 

 are situated upon the left 

 crus of the diaphragm and 

 their efferents also pierce 

 the crus to open into 

 the thoracic duct ; the ef?erents from the remaining nodes concerned unite with 

 those of the other lateral lumbar nodes to form the lumbar trunks which open 

 into the receptaculum chyli. 



The net-work which lies beneath the fibrous capsule communicates with both the 

 cortical and subserous net-works, and its drainage is probably mainly through these : 

 a few stems, however, pass toward the hilus, beneath the capsule, and unite with 

 the terminal efferents from the cortical net work, there being no direct connection 

 between the net-work and the lumbar nodes. The case is different with the subserous 

 net-work, its efferents passing to the upper lateral lumbar nodes quite independently 

 of the cortical ei^erents. As already noted, it has abundant communication with 

 the net-work beneath the fibrous capsule, and through this with the cortical 

 net-work, so that infections of the kidney tissue are readily communicated to the 

 adipose capsule. 



The lymphatic net-works of the ureters appear to be limited to the muscular 

 coat and the surface of the ducts (Sakata). The efferents which arise from the 

 upper portions of the net-works, that is to say from the portions above the level at 



Uterus 



Ovary 



Lymphatics of kidneys and of ovary, new-born child. {Stahr.*) 



Archiv f. Anat. u. Physiol., 1900. 



