l622 



HUMAN ANATOMY. 



transparent columnar cells clothing the stomach. The line of transition is zigzag 

 and well defined, the oesophageal surface being paler than the highly vascular red 

 gastric mucosa. At the pylorus the mucous membrane is raised into a ring, chiefly 



VIII rib-cartilage VII rib-cartilage 

 Transverse mesocolon 



Fig. 1372. 

 Ensiform cartilage 



yi rib-cartilage 



Falciform ligament 



VI rib-cartilage 



VII rib 



Jejunum 



VI 1 1 rib, 



Duodenum 

 IX rib 



Pancreatic 

 duct 



Splenic 

 \ein 

 X rib 

 Left supra- 

 renal body 



Pyloric antrum of 

 stomach 



Diaphragm 



Hepatic 



artery 

 Gall-bladder 

 Pyloric 



sphincter 

 Cystic duct 

 Pleural 



cavity 

 Duodenum 



Hepatic 

 duct 



Right supra- 

 renal body 



XI rib 



XII rib XII vertebra XII rib 

 Frozen section across body at level of tvv'elfth thoracic vertebra. 



in consequence of the local thickening of the circular fibres of the muscular coat, but 

 also in part on account of the increased thickness of the mucosa itself, which in this 

 part of the stomach may measure over 2 mm. At the cardia it is thinnest, — .5 mm. 

 or less, — while in the intermediate region it is about i mm. The increased thick- 

 ness at the pyloric end is due to the considerable depth of the depressions, or 



Fig. 1374- 



Fig. 1373. 



Surface view of mucous membrane from pyloric end 

 of stomach. Natural size. 



Surface view of gastric mucous membrane, show- 

 ing reticular appearance due to orifices of groups of 

 gastric glands. X 30. 



gastric crypts, into which open the gastric glands. Beyond the summit of the 

 pyloric ring the mucous membrane assumes the characteristics of the intestine. In 

 addition to the larger rugae, the gastric surface exhibits a mammillated condition 



