THE LIVER. 



1709 



is the quadrate lobe (lobus quadratus). Behind the portal fissure the lower end of the 

 lobe of Spigelius appears on the inferior surface, with the groove for the vena cava 

 on its right and the fissure of the ductus venosus on its left. The caudate lobe 

 (processus caudatus) is a rounded ridge, particularly developed in early life, running 

 from the under side of the right lobe, just behind the right part of the portal fissure 

 and in front of the vena cava, obliquely backward and to the left into the lower end 

 of the lobe of Spigelius. A groove caused by the hepatic artery separates it from the 

 tuber papillare. The caudate lobe overhangs the foramen of Winslow. In the adult 

 it is sometimes rounded, sometimes sharp, and not always to be distinguished. The 

 under side of the liver, being moulded over the neighboring organs, presents many 

 irregularities dependent on their pressure. The posterior part of the under side of 

 the right lobe is hollowed into the 7'enal impression, a concavity fitting closely over 

 the right kidney. The suprarenal capsule rests against the liver to the left of this, 

 at the beginning of the caudate lobe on the under surface and also on the posterior 

 surface. The first part of the diiodemun rests against and moulds the under side of 

 the right lobe between the renal impression and the gall-bladder. This area of con- 



FiG. 1442. 



Vena cava 

 Spigelian lobe / R'ght capsular vein 



Non-peritoneal 



surface 



CEsophageal impression 



Fissure for- 

 ductus venosus 



Gastric 

 impression 



Hepatic artei \ 



Portal vtiii 



Common bile-da^l 



Obliterated umbilical vein 



Quadrate lobe 



Cystic duct 



Suprarenal 

 impression 



Caudate lobe 



enal impression 



ttachinent of right 

 lateral ligament 



Duodenal 

 impression 



Colic impression 



Gall-bladder 



Inferior and posterior surfaces of same liver. It must be clearly understood that the Spigelian lobe and vena cava 

 are on the posterior surface, the limit of the inferior surface behind being the transverse fissure. 



tact can hardly be called an impression, for the surface here is slightly convex. In 

 front of the renal impression is a hollow for the colon of very varying size. It may 

 be almost wanting, or it may be very deep. It may be confined to the right part of 

 the under surface, or it may compress the front of the gall-bladder and indent the 

 quadrate lobe, and even the left one. The under side of the right lobe presents 

 also one or more occasional fissures which seem in the main to diverge from the 

 right end of the portal fissure and from the fossa for the gall-bladder. They are 

 more common in the foetus, and some of them occur more or less frequently in 

 anthropoid apes.' The under side of the left lobe is in general concave, resting 

 against the fundus and anterior wall of the stomach. Near the posterior part of 

 the umbilical fissure on the left lobe is a rounded prominence, — tuber omentale, — due 

 to the growth of the liver against the non-resisting lesser omentum. 



The Blood-Vessels. — The portal vein, some 15 mm. or more in diameter, 

 divides into a right and a left branch, 10 mm. or over in diameter, of which the right 

 is a little the larger and shorter. From the right end of the transverse fissure it runs 



' Thomson : Journal of Anatomy and Physiology, vol. xxxiii., 1899. 



