SECT. 94.] 



OSSEOUS SYSTEM. 



J 77 



base of the cranium, the sternum, etc.; and in addition to 

 its reddish or red colour and slight consistency, is characterised 

 by its chemical properties. According to Berzelius, that of the 

 diploe, contains 75-0 water, 25*0 solid substance, namely, albu- 

 men, fibrin, extractive matter and salts, and only traces of fat. 

 The yellow medulla consists, apart from vessels and nerves, of 

 areolar tissue aud fat-cells ; the red, on the other hand, of a small 

 quantity of areolar tissue, numerous, slightly reddish, small cells, 

 which I call medullary cells, and fat-cells with a large quantity 

 of fluid. 



§ 94. Connections of the Bo)ies. A. 

 without articulation. 1. By Suture. In 

 this mode of articulation, the bones are 

 united bv a very thin whitish mem- 

 branous strip of connective tissue, 

 which, as long as the bones continue 

 to grow, is very conspicuous. After- 

 wards, this sutural ligament becomes 

 thinner, and disappears with the obli- 

 teration of the sutures. 2. Connection 

 by ligaments. Syndesmosis is effected 

 by fibrous and elastic ligaments. The 

 fibrous ligaments constitute the ma- 

 jority of ligaments, are white and 

 glistening, and agree in their struc- 

 ture, partly with aponeuroses and mus- 

 cular ligaments, partly with the true 

 tendons. The chief elastic ligaments 

 (fig. 81), are the ligamenta subjlava 

 between the arches of the vertebrae and 

 the lig. nucha?. The former are yel- 

 lowish, very elastic, strong ligaments, 

 the elastic elements of which, com- 

 posed of rounded polygonal fibres of 

 1 0"OOi5'" to 0004'" thick, united to 

 form a close net- work, extend parallel 

 to the long axis of the vertebral column, 

 and occasion the longitudinally fibrous 

 appearance of the ligaments. Between 

 these fibres, which are disposed neither 

 in the form of fascicidi nor in lamellse, 



Synarthrosis, connection 



Fig. 81. 

 A 



jQS:.. 



1 



6 ' 99SM&% 



B 



A. Transverse section of a part 

 of the lig. nuckce of the ox, magni- 

 fied 350 times, and treated with 

 caustic soda. a. Areolar tis- 

 sue appearing homogeneous, b. 

 Transverse sections of the elastic 

 flbres(of 0004 to 001 of a line in 

 diameter), B. a. Elastic fibres 

 from one of the human lii/.suh- 

 flava, together with some areolar 

 tissue, b, between them. Magni- 

 fied -150 times. 



