SECT. 122.] NERVOUS SYSTEM. 25 1 



not traverse the one or the other of its ganglia. The ganglia of 

 the glosso-pharyngeu8 present the same relations as the spinal 

 ganglia; in the tympanic cavity and the tongue, its terminations 

 contain small ganglia, and otherwise agree -with those of the trige- 

 minus ( './'. major). The vagus in man enters with all its roots into 

 the ganglion jugulare, whilst in some mammalia (dog, cat, rabbit, 

 and sheep, but not in the calf), it has a smaller bundle of origin, 

 which is not concerned in the ganglion. In the ganglion jugulare, 

 and in the intumescentia ganglioformis, I have never been able to 

 discover anything deviating from the structure of a spinal ganglion, 

 only some of the ganglionic cells fall to crooc/" in diameter. In 

 its termination this nerve presents a constant mode of distribution 

 of the thicker and thinner fibres, so that the branches to the 

 cesopltagus, heart, and stomach, contain almost exclusively thin 

 fibres ; whilst in those to the lungs and in the laryngeus superior, the 

 thin fibres are to the thick as 2 : 1, and in the laryngeus inferior and 

 the rami pharyngei, as 1 : 6 — 10. These fine fibres do not all come 

 from the sympathetic, since they are found in large proportion in 

 the roots of the vagus, and they are also very numerous in the 

 laryngeus superior. Besides, many of them may be nothing else 

 than attenuated or originally finer ganglionic fibres, as they are 

 called, arising from the ganglia of the vagus itself, and which I 

 am not disposed to refer to the sympathetic. With respect to the 

 terminations of the vagus, see below, in the paragraphs treating of 

 them. The accessorius Willisii, although, perhaps, also sensitive 

 in part, possesses no ganglion-globules, and, as far as is known, 

 exhibits nothing peculiar in its distribution and termination. 



§ 122. Ganglionic Nerves. — This name is, perhaps, the most 

 fitting wherewith to designate the so-called sympathicus, the sym- 

 pathetic or vegetative nervous system, since it presupposes no phy- 

 siological hypothesis, but simply expresses the fact which, anato- 

 mically, is most conspicuous. The ganglionic nerves are neither a 

 wholly separated part of the nervous system (Reil, Bichat) , nor a 

 mere section of the cerebro- spinal nerves, but, on the one hand, 

 they exist quite independently, in virtue of very numerous nerve- 

 fibres arising in their ganglia, ganglionic fibres of the sympathetic ; 

 while, on the other, they are also connected with the cord and 

 brain by means of a small number of fibres, which they receive 

 from other nerves. 



If we compare the ganglionic and the cerebro-spinal nerves, we 

 find that the former, derived as they are from a two-fold source, 



