272 DIGESTIVE ORGANS. [sect. 130. 



they adjoin externally, except that, during the ascent to the 

 dorsum of the tongue, their fibres proceed obliquely inwards, 

 with a slightly curved course. At the dorsum of the tongue, the 

 hyo-glossus lies between the genio-glossus and the upper border of 

 the transversus, forms, like the former, longitudinal laminae with 

 perpendicularly arranged fibres, between which the fibres of the 

 upper longitudinal muscle lie, and then, terminates likewise at the 

 mucous membrane. This expansion of the hyo-glossus is thickest 

 and most distinct in the middle of the tongue; posteriorly it 

 becomes less distinct, in as much as the lamella? of the cerato- 

 glossus are here very delicate, and are also more horizontally 

 arranged ; still, even here, the lamellae are interposed between 

 those of the transverse muscle, and terminate at the dorsum of 

 the tongue. 



The stylo-glossus (fig. 1 18, st, gl) usually divides into two bundles, 

 which present entirely different relations. The posterior smaller 

 bundle proceeds directly inwards between the cerato-glossus and 

 basio-glossus, and between the fasciculi of the latter, and penetrates 

 in separate bundles between the lamellae of the lingualis and genio- 

 glossus as far as the septum linguce, where at the same time it be- 

 comes attached to the fibres of the transverse muscle lying some- 

 what higher. The main part of the stylo-glossus runs inwards and 

 downwards at the border of the tongue, is connected with the 

 lingualis inferior in front of the hyo-glossus, and terminates in the 

 mucous membrane of the lower surface near the tip of the tongue, 

 and in that of the tip itself, the most anterior bundles of both 

 muscles uniting in an arched manner. 



The lingualis of authors, which I will call lingualis or longitudi- 

 nalis inferior (fig, 118, / 1), is a tolerably thick longitudinal bundle, 

 situated between the genio-glossus and hyo-glossus at the lower 

 surface of the tongue, whose commencement and termination 

 cannot be readily ascertained. At first sight, the posterior part 

 of the lingualis inferior appears to be lost in the form of numerous 

 superimposed flat bundles between the transverse fibres of the 

 genio-glossus (glosso-pharyngeus) , the stylo-glossus and transversus 

 at the root of the tongue ; when more narrowly traced, however, 

 it is seen that, like the most posterior parts of the genio-glossus, it 

 divides into numerous laminae, which ascend in a slightly arched 

 manner between the transverse fibres as far as the outer part of 

 the glandular layer of the root of the tongue, and then, like the 

 lamellae of the genio-glossus situated internally to them, terminates 

 upon the latter. Anteriorly, the lingualis inferior is connected 

 with the thicker fasciculi of the stylo-glossus, and ends with the 



