SECT. 150.] MUCOUS MEMBRANE OF THE STOMACII. 



3*3 



stratum, the structureless membrane of authors, which is connected 

 with the membranes propria of the individual gland-tubes, but 

 cannot be isolated like the latter. 



The whole inner surface of the stomach, from the cardia on- 

 wards, where the pavement-epithelium of the oesophagus ceases 

 with a sharp or dentated border, possesses a simple covering of 

 cylindrical cells, croi'" in average length, which, without any in- 

 termediate layer, are directly seated upon the outermost homo- 

 geneous part of the mucous membrane. The connection of this 

 cylindrical epithelium — Avhose other relations will be afterwards 

 discussed in treating of the small intestine, where a perfectly similar 

 layer exists — with the mucous membrane, is, during life, very firm, 

 although not to such a degree that its elements, may not at times 

 be detached, either singly or in large numbers, by mechanical 

 influences, such as must operate in the stomach. After death, this 

 takes place so readily, that, in man, it is only in very favourable 

 cases that an opportunity is afforded of observing the cells in 

 situ. 



Besides the tubular glands, the stomach contains, although 

 not constantly, and in very variable numbers, closed follicles, or the 

 so-called lenticul r glands, which entirely agree with the solitary 

 glands of the small intestine — and, 

 accordingly, need not here be further 

 discussed — in animals (as in the pig) , 

 also small Peyerian patches. 



The blood-vessels of the mucous 

 membrane of the stomach are very 

 numerous, and, in their distribution, 

 quite characteristic; (see fig. 136, 

 showing the vessels of the large in- 

 testine, the arrangement of which is 

 almost entirely the same). The ar- 

 teries divide in the submucous areolar 

 tissue in such a manner that only finer 

 vessels arrive at the mucous mem- 

 brane, on which, gradually becoming 

 finer, so as to form capillaries, they 

 ascend perpendicularly in large num- 

 bers between the glands, and form a 

 network of fine capillaries, q-oo^" to 

 o - oo3'" in diameter, surrounding the 



v 2 



Fig. 136. 



Vessels of the large intestine of .a 

 dog, in the perpendicularly cut raii- 

 ( his membrane, a. Artery ; b. ca- 

 pillary network of the surface; with 

 the opening of the glands; c. vein. 



