514 THE LYMPH AND THE CHYLE. [SECTS. 219, 220. 



IV. — Of the Blood and the Lymph. 



§ 219. All the divisions of the vascular system contain in their 

 cavities a special liquid, which consists of a fluid portion contain- 

 in^ numerous morphological particles. According to the colour 

 of this liquid, its occurrence in one or another section of the 

 vascular system and its other properties, it is distinguished into 

 white and red blood; in other words, into lymph or chyle on the 

 one hand, and blood in the stricter sense on the other. Upon 

 Histology devolves only the description of the elementary forms 

 existing in these fluids, among which the blood and lymph-corpus- 

 cles are by far the most important. The description of the other 

 conditions must be left to Physiology. 



& 220. The Lymph and the Chyle consist, like the blood, of a 

 plasma, which coagulates on leaving the vessels, and of morpholo- 

 gical elements; viz., of elementary granules, nuclei, colourless cells, 

 and red blood-corpuscles : all these elements, however, are not to 

 be found in all parts of the lymphatic vascular system, and not 

 everywhere in equal numbers. The elementary granules are im- 

 measurably fine granules, which, as H. Midler has shown, consist 

 Fig. 2io. of fat and an envelope of protein. They 



are containexl in enormous numbers 

 in the milk-white chyle, in which they 

 alone produce the characteristic colour; 

 while, in the more colourless lymph, 

 e they are either totally absent or appear 

 1^ i^Hk only in small numbers, and isolated. 



'.• ■■'■■:' ':> ^»*' The nuclei are of crooi'" to 0"002'" in 



'' \, - size, and more homogeneous in ap- 



pearance ; they often have a vesicular 



Elements of the chyle, a. lymph- , , • 1 , i i 



corpuscles which have become stellate aspect, becoming granular on the ad- 



by the passing out of the contents; b. ■,-,• n , A -i  ' , 



smaii ceiis with indistinct nucleus; dition ol water. According to my 



c. three cells with distinct nuclei; d. , i   .1 -i  



two large ceiis with nuclei ; e. granular more recent observations, these nuclei 



cell with indistinct nucleus. nil ±. n n i 1 l 



all belong to small cells, and only be- 

 come free through the bursting of these cells on the addition of 

 water. The colourless cells, the chyle and lymph-corpuscles of au- 

 thors, occur almost everywhere in the system of lymphatic vessels 

 in considerable numbers, and completely agree with each other in 

 the chyle and in the lymph. They are round cells, measuring from 



