584 OF THE ORGAN OF HEARING. [sECT. 23 1. 



30th June; Dechen, Dc Muse. Briickiano, Diss., 1856; Levy, De Muse. cil. 

 Structura, Berol., 1857, Diss.; Arlt, in Arch.f. Ophth. in., 2, p. 87; Mann- 

 hart, in Arch. f. Ophth. iy., 1. — Retina: A. Michaelis, in Mull. Arch., 1837, 

 p. xii., and N. Act., t. xix., 1842 ; R. Remak, in Mull. Archiv., 1839 ; B. Lersch, 

 JDe Retinas Struct. Microsc., Berol., 1840 ; A. Burow, in Mull. Arch., 1840 ; 

 F. Bidder, in Mull. Arch., 1839 an ^ l8 4 x '■> A. Hannover, in Mull. Arch., 

 1840 and 1843, and Rechcrchcs Microsc. sur le Syst. Nerveux., Copenh., 1844 ; 

 E. Brucke, in Mull. A rch,, 1844, p. 444, and ibid, 1845, p. 337; F.Pacini, 

 Sulla tessitura intima delta Retina, in Nuovi Annali delle Scienze naturali di 

 Bologna, 1845 ; Corti, in MiiLL. Arch., 1850, p. 274, then in Zcitsch. f. miss. 

 Zool.x., p. 87 ; H. Muller, in Zeitsch.f. miss. Zool., 1851, p. 234, also in 

 Wiirzb. Verh. ii., p. 234, iii., p. 336, iv., p. 96 ; Henle, in Zcitsch. f. rat. Med. 

 N. F. ii., p. 304 ; Kolliker, in Wiirzb. Verh. iii., p. 3 1 6, then with H. Muller, 

 in Com.pt. Rendus, Oct., 1S53 ; Remak, in Compt. Rend., 12th Nov., 1853, also 

 in Allgcm. Med. Centralz., 1854, No. i. ; M. de Vintschgau, in Sitz. d. Wiener 

 Altad., 1854 ; Bergmann, in Zeitsch.f. rat. Med. N. F. v., p. 245 ; Blessig, De 

 Retina Structura, Diss, inaug., Dorp., 1855 ; Bergmann, in Gott.Anz., 1855, No. 

 181, and in Zcitsch. f rat. Med., 3, R. ii., p. 83 ; J. Goodsir, in Edinb. Med. 

 Journ., 1855, p. 377; H. Muller, in Zcitsch r. f miss. Zool. viii., p. 1, and 

 Comptes Rendus, 1856, Oct. ; M. Schultze, Berl. Monatsbcr., 1856 ; Lehman, 

 Exp. q.de Nervi Opt. dissecti ad Retince text, vi, Dorp., 1857 ; Th. Nunnelet, 

 in Quart. Journ. of Micr. Sc, 18 58, July. — Vitreous Body : E. Brucke, in Mull. 

 Arch., 1843, p. 345, and 1845, p. 130; Hannover, in MiiLL. Arch., 1845, p. 

 467 ; W. Bowman, in the work above quoted, and in Dubl. Quart. Journal, 

 Aug., 1845, p. 102 ; Virchow, in Verh. d. Wiirzb. Phys. Med. Gcsellsch. ii., p. 

 317, and in Arch.f. Path. Anat. iv., p. 468, v., p. 278 ; Doncan, in Ned. Lancet., 

 1853-54, p. 625; Finkbeiner, in Zcitschr. f. miss. Zool.\i., p. 330. — Lens: 

 W. Werneck, in Ammon's Zcitschr., vols. iv. and v. ; A. Hannover, in Mull. 

 Arch., 1845, p. 478 ; Harting, Histiolog. Antceltenigen, 1846, pp. 1 — 7, and 

 Rcch. Micromitriques ; Mensonides, in Ned. Lane., 1848. pp. 694 and 709 ; H. 

 Meyer, in MiiLL. Arch., 18 51, p. 202 ; Strahl, in Arch.f. Phys. Heilh. xi., 332 ; 

 Kolliker, in Zcitschr. f rviss. Zool. vi. p. 142 ; Thomas, in Brag. Fieri., Bd. i. ; 

 Lohmeyer, in Zeitschr.f. rat. Med. N. F., Bd. v. ; Czermak, in Zcitschr. f. miss. 

 Zool. vii., p. 1 8 5 ; Robin, in Arch. cT Ophthalm. v. ; Th. Ndnneley, in Journal of 

 Microsc. Sc, April, 1858, p. 136. — Development of the Eye: H. Scholer, De 

 Oculi Ecolutionc, Milan, 1849, D' ss > Bemak, in his large work on Develop- 

 ment, 1850, and 1851 ; Henle, De Menibr. Pupillari, Bonn, 1832 ; Reich, 

 De Menibr. Pupillari, Berol, 1833 ; J. Muller, Arnold and Henle on the 

 M. Capsulo-pupill., in Ammon's Zcitschr. ii., p. 391, iii, p. 37, iv., pp. 23 and 38. 

 Compare also, Arnold, Org. Sensuum, my Micros. Anat., and the Plates of the 

 Retina in Ecker's Leon. Phys., by H. Muller and myself. 



II. — Of the Organ of Hearing. 



§ 231. The organ of hearing consists of the proper sensory parts, 

 with the expansion of the auditory nerve, which are contained in 

 the bony substance of the labyrinth ; together with special acces- 

 sory apparatus, the outer and middle ear, which are principally 



