THE PANCREAS. 549 



feineren Bander menscliliclien Leber," in " Mliller's Arcliiv," 1843^ p. 

 318; " Zustitze zu seinen Untersuchungon liber den Ban der Leber," in 

 "Bericbte d. K. Siichs. Ges. d. Wissensch. zu Leipzig," 1850, p. 151 ; 

 A. Krukenberg, " Untersucbungen liber den feineren Bau der mcnscb- 

 licben Leber," in " Mull. Arch.," 1843 ; Job. Miiller, in bis great 

 Work on tbe Glands, in bis " Pbjsiology," and " Mliller's Arcbiv," 

 1843, p. 338; Tbeile, article "Leber," in R. Wagner's " Ilandw. der 

 Phys." II., p. 308, 1844; C. L. J. Backer, "Do Structure subtiliori 

 Ilepatis sani et morbosi. Diss. Inaug. Trajecti ad Rbenum," 1845 ; 

 Natalis Guillot, " Sur la Structure du Foie des Animaux vertebras," Ann. 

 d. Sc. Nat., 1848, p. 129; R. Retzius, " Ueber den Bau der Leber," 

 in "Mull. Arch.," 1849, XL p. 141 ; C. Wedl, " Ueber die traubenfor- 

 migen Gallengangdrlisen," in " Sitzungsbericbt der Wiener Akad.," 

 1850, Dec, p. 480, c. Tab. ; N. Weja, "Beitrage zur feineren Anato- 

 mic der Leber," in " MUll. Arch." 1851, p. 79; E. Von Bibra, "Che- 

 miscbe Fragmente liber die Leber und die Galle," Braunschweig, 1849. 

 The more minute comparative anatomy of the Liver is treated of by H. 

 Karsten, " Disq. microsc. et chem. hepatis et bilis Crustaceorum et 

 Molluscorum," in "Nova Acta Acad. Cur.," vol. XXI. 1, p. 295; 

 T. F. G. Schlemm, "Dehepate et bile crustaceorum et molluscorum 

 quorundara," Diss. Berol., 1844 ; Williams, in " Guy's Hosp. Rep." 184G ; 

 H. Meckel, " Mikrographie einigcr Drllsenapparate der niederen 

 Thiere," in "Mull. Arch.," 1849, p. 1 ; Fr. Will. " Ueber die Abson- 

 derung d. Galle," Erlangen, 1849 ; H. Jones, "Phil. Trans.," 1846, 

 1849; [J. Leidy, " Researches into the Comparative Structure of the 

 Liver," in Amer. Jour, of Med. Sciences, 1848 ; Wharton Jones, 

 '^Phil. Trans.," 1848; Handfield Jones, "Phil. Trans.," 1853.— DaC] 



OF THE PANCREAS. 



§ 164. The pancreas is a compound racemose gland, which so closely 

 resembles the salivary glands, that a short exposition of its peculiarities 

 will suffice. As in all such glands, larger, smaller, and smallest lobes, 

 may be very distinctly made out, the last being composed of microscopic 

 glandular vesicles, which are here characterized by their moderate size 

 0-02-0'04 of a line, and their usually rounded form. They possess a 

 memhrana propria and a tessellated epithelium, whose cells are very fre- 

 quently remarkable from tbe great number of fat-granules, so that the 

 glandular vesicles appear quite opaque and as if entirely filled with 

 secretion. The excretory ducts, which, as elsewhere, are connected 

 with the glandular vesicles, uniting into larger canals and, eventually, 

 into the duct of Wirsung, or pancreatic duct, are whitish and somewhat 

 thin walled. They are composed of connective tissue and of elastic 

 fibrils, and all possess an epithelium with small cylindrical cells, scarcely 

 exceedinoj 0'006-0-008 of a line in length, and 0-002 of a line in breadth. 

 In tbe walls of the pancreatic duct, and its larger branches, small 



