144 



THIRTEENTH LECTURE. 



The gland body itself appears as a sometimes smooth bor- 

 dered, sometimes sinuous tube. The membrana propria 



shows the familiar flattened stellate 

 cells. 



Passing, now, from the outlet of 

 the gland in a downward direction, 

 we meet at b with a new metamor- 

 phosed cell formation, broader, 

 lower and more granular. Further 

 below, at c, we have two large gland 

 cells (peptic cells). The latter are, 

 however, first met with at d in their 

 highest development. Here, lying 

 on an uninterrupted series of smaller 

 gland cells are isolated larger, gran- 

 ular elements (Fig. 128, d), lodged 

 in niche-like sinuosities of the mem- 

 brana propria. The latter struc- 

 tures are the " overlying cells " of 

 Heidenhain, in contradistinction to 

 his " chief cells." 



We have already learned how dif- 

 ferent is the appearance presented 

 by the quiescent and overworked 

 submaxillary gland of the dog. Something similar — and we 

 are again indebted to Heidenhain for the interesting fact — is 

 shown by the peptic-gastric glands. In the fasting animal 

 they appear smooth bordered, somewhat shrunken, and their 

 chief cells are transparent. A few hours after a plentiful meal 

 an essentially different appearance is met with. The peptic- 

 gastric glands are now swollen, their walls are sinuous, their 

 chief cells enlarged, granular and cloudy. At a later period 

 they again shrink ; the chief cells, however, remain per- 

 ceptibly clouded. 



Now which of the two varieties of cells supply the gastric 

 juice, we do not yet know. We are inclined to conjecture 

 that it is the peptic-gastric glands. 



Fig. 1^6. — 1, a compound peptic- 

 gastric gland of the dog; «, the 

 wide aperture (stomach cell) with the 

 cylinder epithelium ; l>, the division ; 

 c. the isolated tubes lined with pep- 

 tic cells ; d, the escaping contents ; 2, 

 the aperture a in transverse section ; 

 3. transverse section through the in- 

 dividual glands. 



