THE DIGESTIVE APPARATUS. 



149 



Fig. 140. — Glands of the large intes- 

 tine of the rabbit. One tube with cells ; 

 the others drawn without cells. 



but subsequently nothing of all this was confirmed. These 

 were simply microscopic observations such as should not be 

 made, instituted for the purpose of filling up a gap in the 

 present physiological knowledge at any price. 



The Lieberkiihnian tubes continue throughout the mu- 

 cous membrane of the whole large intestine, but now receive, 

 most superfluously, a new name, 

 that of the glands of the large intes- 

 tine (Fig. 140). They have not be- 

 come changed in the least. 



The reticular connective sub- 

 stance of the mucous membrane of 

 the small intestine has, however, 

 been further transformed into an 

 ordinary connective tissue ; the 

 reticular character is less pronounc- 

 ed, and the number of lymphoid 

 cells contained in the tissue has de- 

 creased enormously. The intesti- 

 nal villi of the small intestine have finally entirely disappeared. 

 If the mucous membrane, as in the upper part of the 

 rabbit's colon, still projects as papillae, the latter appear 

 broader and as prominences of the ordinary mucous mem- 

 brane permeated by tubular glands (Fig. 100). 



The colon presents isolated lymphoid follicles. In the 

 vermiform process of man and the rabbit, on the contrary, 

 there is an enormous Peyerian plate, as we remarked at page 



114. 



The blood-vessels of the large intestine correspond with 

 those of the stomach (Fig. 126) for an interchange. Lym- 

 phatics have also been subsequently met with in the carni- 

 vora and herbivora. Those of the upper colon of the rabbit 

 are represented by our Fig. 100, g, f, e. 



In the anus the simple cylinder epithelium is sharply de- 

 marcated from the modified epidermis. At the lower end 

 of the intestine, the smooth and transversely striated muscles 

 become intermixed, reminding us of the oesophagus. 



