STRONG DRINK AND TOBACCO SMOKE. 37 



powdered, has been frequently used by desperate cha- 

 racters for hoccussing or stupefying the intended victim 

 of a robbery, by surreptitiously adding it to his beer 

 at the public-house bar. 



Plate 7, fig. 6, is a grain twice the size of nature ; fig. 7 

 is a diagram, viewed superficially, of the structure of the 

 grain. There is an outer pellicle formed of very thin-walled 

 elongated cells (o), which overlie the coloured skin (h), 

 formed of minute irregular cells with very thick walls. 

 The woody portion (shell)- is composed of rows of delicate 

 fibres, placed at right angles to each other (c, d), and 

 amongst these are numerous cysts containing colouring 

 matter (e). Two layers of cells {/) enclose the square- 

 shaped cells with very thick walls (g), containing abun- 

 dance of starch. 



Hop-seed (Plate 8, fig. 26), divested of the thin 

 pellicle that covers it, and which is covered with innu- 

 merable grains of Lapulite, the bitter principle so 

 valuable to the brewer, is a greyish conical seed (Plate 6, 

 fig. 18). We have here only to treat of its structure, 

 which contrasts very curiously with that of those we 

 have been examining. 



An exterior layer of thick- walled cells (1) ov^erlies 

 the short double-pointed channeled cells with woody 

 fibres interlacing them {w), which together form the 

 hardened (woody) epiderm of the seed. These form 

 the outer coat (a). Immediately underlying these is a 

 thin, bright, green pellicle, formed of layers of minute 

 cells, with bright green contents (8) ; these rest upon 



