58 STRONG DRINK AND TOBACCO SMOKE. 



a few inches above its surface ; the other end of it 

 dips into a shallow cup (c) on the plate beneath. 



The rectifier is similarly furnished with dipping pipes 

 and cups ; but, in addition to these, a closed metal 

 pipe of great length is inserted conthiuously between 

 every compartment by being bent upon itself as it 

 enters each of them. 



The wash being in readiness, and the steam in the 

 boiler in sufficient c[uantity to work at a pressure of 

 from 6 to 7 lbs. to the square inch, the wash is 

 forced, by means of a pump, into the pipe which 

 leads from the inteynnediate wash charger to the top 

 of the rectifier, in the direction of the arrow. It 

 passes through this pipe for its entire length, and 

 through each bend of it, until it at length reaches 

 the top of the analyser, on to which it is discharged. 

 When it has fallen on this plate in sufficient quantity 

 to fill the cup, and has risen to the height of the 

 orifice of the dipping p>ipe, it fiows through this to 

 the plate beneath, and so on in succession downwards 

 from plate to plate. 



Whilst the flow of wash is thus proceeding in one 

 direction through the metal pipe, steam is let in at 

 the bottom of the analyser, and rises through each 

 perforated plate. Coming in contact with the wash 

 which is on it, the steam combines with the impure 

 spirit of the wash (low wdnes vapour), and conveys 

 it through the pipe at the top of the analyser down 

 to the bottom of the rectijier. Here, in rising, it 



