335] • STUDIES ON GREGARINES— WATSON 125 



Ellis transferred the species in question to the genus Actinoceph- 

 alus, where it belongs because of the character of the epimerite. The 

 genus Stephanophora was distinguished by its flat cushion-like epime- 

 rite with stout broad digits rising from the periphery. The genus has 

 now been merged with another and the name discontinued. 



INDETERMINATE SPECIES 



GREGARINA CONICA Dufour 



[Figure 102] 



1837 Gregarina conica Dufour 1837 :12 



1851 Gregarina conica Diesing 1851 :8 



1863 Gregarina conica Lankester 1863 :95 



Dufour 's description is as follows: 



"Oblongo-conica ; cephalothorace sut^loboso abdominis tertiam partem adae- 

 quante. Hab. Coleopterorum et Gryllorum." 



In 1826 Dufour described an intestinal parasite from Coleoptera. 

 In 1828 he named it Conica ; in 1837 he gave as hosts the above animals 

 and named the parasite Gregarina conica. The parasite is illustrated in 

 his 1837 paper. That he had two species under consideration is obvious 

 from his drawings as seen in Figures 101 and 102, one being labelled as 

 from Coleoptera and the other from Gryllus. The former has a crenu- 

 late, stalked epimerite, the latter a simple spherical stalked one. The 

 former figure has been homologized with several drawings by subsequent 

 writers and represented the parasite described in the chapter on Coleop- 

 teran parasites under the name of Actinocephalus conicus (Dufour) 

 Stein. 



Stein described a parasite, Actinocephalus lucani, from a beetle, 

 which is identical with Dufour 's drawing 7. He did not know of Du- 

 four 's paper and the previous discovery of the species, but Frantzius 

 (1848:195) did, and mentioned Stein's Actinocephalus lucani from Lu- 

 canus, leaving the original Gregarina conica Dufour from Gryllus only. 



Diesing (1851) listed both G. conica Dufour from Coleoptera and 

 Gryllus, and G. Lucani Stein from Lucanus parallelopipedus. 



Lankester did likewise. After his citation, G. conica dropped out 

 of the literature. It is obvious that Dufour found a parasite in Orthop- 

 tera, but what it was no one can say. He did not find associations and 

 no one knows whether he saw only the isolated cephalonts with the epi- 



