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Q Class III Watersheds are those where there is measured contamination above 

 acceptable levels. More regulatory approaches, such as mandatory farm 

 management planning, would be required here. 



O Each Class would include the programs of the preceding Class, so voluntary education 

 programs would be available in Class II and Class III, and targeted incentive programs 

 would be available in Class III. 



O By using such a classification system, funding resources and programs can be targeted 

 to the areas of greatest need and the regulatory burden is targeted to those specific 

 areas where they are necessary. 



The details of this "lierred and targeted" approach are developed in our Working Paper, 

 which has been submitted for the record. The intent of this approach is to move from a debate 

 about general approaches to a discussion about the best combination of programs and 

 approaches that are most relevant for a specific watershed. We believe that there are many 

 elements in the various bills that have been introduced that could be rationally integrated into 

 such a tierred and targeted" system. 



The role of State Research and Extension 



State Research and Extension programs are making a dramatic and measurable impact 

 on water quality. This impact is not "hypothetical". We can cite specific examples where nutrient 

 and pesticide loading of ground and surface waters have been significantly reduced. We have 

 been involved in numerous programs and projects. We have worked in partnership with USDA, 

 EPA and OOI. Additionally, a working relationship has been forged with State Departments of 

 Agriculture, Environment and Natural Resources. Because of time, it is not possible to describe 

 our many activities. With your permission, I would like to submit for the record some descriptions 

 of some State Research and Extension programs and some specific examples of the impact of 

 these programs. 



Our Working Group on the Clean Water Act is still in the process of reviewing the 

 different bills that have been identified to be of interest to your committee. Some of these bills 

 have been introduced relatively recently, as you know. We would be happy to visit with your 

 staffs in the near future regarding our reactions to specific language. I would like, however, to 

 take a moment to draw attention to several areas where State Research and Extension programs 

 will be essential to the successful implementation of nonpoint source programs. 



For years, the State Agriculture Experiment Stations and the State Extension Services 

 have pursued research and education programs in water quality, integrated pest management, 

 and sustainable agriculture. Often, the States have spent 4 to 5 times more than the federal 

 govemment in addressing these critical areas. Our cuaent programs can be strengthened and 

 improved, but there is a dear and immediate need for increased participation by the federal 

 partner. As well, stronger and more direct linkages between the Land-Grant universities, EPA, 

 and DOI need to be established in the areas of developing the research base and education 

 programs to address nonpoint source pollution. 



R»M9»rch 



I can provide for the staff a description of research needs relevant to nonpoint source 

 pollution and water quality. Some specific examples of topical areas that need to be 

 strengthened include: watershed and ecosystems research, farm system research, developing a 

 yield response and environmental impact database, improved soil and tissue testing, developing 



