121 



or suspend its use if it poses an imminent hazard. Part of the stale's pesticide registration fee is deposited 

 into a fund to cover the costs of Maine's Integrated Pest Management (IPM) program. TTie state is adding 

 training in ground water protection to its restricted-use pesticide certification program. The state's 

 Pesticide Control Board has the authority to designate critical areas where pesticide use would present an 

 unreasonable threat to water quality. 



Iowa's Restrictions on Atraane — Prior to EPA's classification of atrazine as a restricted-use pesticide 

 in 1991, Iowa classified atrazine as a restricted-use pesticide, limiting its use to certified applicators. 

 Iowa reduced the maximum allowable application from 4 to 3 Ib/acre/year, and restricted maximum 

 application to 1.5 Ib/acre/year in contaminated or vulnerable ground water areas. Additionally, Iowa now 

 prohibits atrazine application within 50 feet of a sinkhole, well, cistern, lake, or surfiace water 

 impoundment, and mixing, loading and repackaging within 100 feet of the same. 



CaUfomia's Pesticide Control Measures — Proposition 65 prohibits a person in business with 10 or more 

 employees from knowangly discharging a chemical known to cause cancer or reproductive toxicity into 

 water or onto or into land where the chemical may pass into a source or potential source of drinking 

 water. The Pesticide Contamination Prevention Act was passed specifically to try to prevent or minimize 

 future ground water contamination by pesticides. 



Nebraska's Restrictions on Fertilizer Use — The Central Platte Natural Resource District (a multi-county 

 regional political subdivision) has established restrictions on nitrogen fertilizer use in a designated Ground- 

 water Management Area. The program has three phases depending on the concentration of nitrates found 

 in wells. All phases include requirements for education, collection of soil and water samples, and 

 efficient fertilizer use. The most severe phase totally bans applications. 



FUlmore County, Minnesota's Erosion Control Ordinance — Fillmore County is located in a karst area 

 of Minnesota and has identified agricultural runoff and erosion as sources of both surface and ground 

 water contamination. The County's Erosion Control Ordinance considers any occupiers of farmland to 

 be in compliance if: (1) they are using soil conservation practices approved by the County Soil and Water 

 Conservation District Board; (2) they do not have rills, gullies, or sediment deposits in their fields; and 

 (3) their fanning methods do not create sediment problems on adjoining properties. Violators of the 

 ordinance have 30 days to work with the County Soil and Water Conservation District to develop a plan 

 that must include: (1) specific practices to stop the sedimentation; and (2) a timetable for completing the 

 practices. 



Maryland Critical Area Program — The goal of the program is to improve the water quality of the 

 Chesapeake Bay. The Maryland Conservation Reserve Program will pay farmers $20 per acre annually 

 to enroll cropland within critical areas and along stream boarders in the federal CRP. 



Chesapeake Bay Nutrient Reduction Program — The Chesapeake Bay Agreement of 1987 calls for a 40 

 percent reduction of nitrogen and phosphorus entering the mainstream of the bay by the year 2000. 

 Maryland, Peimsylvania. and Virginia have initiated nutrient management programs to assist in reducing 

 agricultural NPS pollution to the Bay. After over five years of significant cooperation on the part of the 

 landowners, experts now believe that agriculture may not be the source of nutrient loadings to the 

 Chesapeake Bay. In fact, the Environmental Defense Fund released a 1988 report which considers septic 

 systems, high density development, sewage treatment plants, and atmospheric deposition as the dominant 

 sources of nitrogen in the Bay. 



10 



