19 



years, and that this industry has experienced repeatedly over the 

 last several hundred years. 



I'm not advocating ITQ's, but I think we need to start wrestling 

 with the issue of controlling access. And there are a lot of ways and 

 schemes that could be devised with the participation of fishermen 

 that would incorporate regional values and preserve the community 

 life that people feel is important. 



In order to do that, however, I feel very strongly that the prohibi- 

 tion against the Secretary of Commerce from moving forward un- 

 limited access, which is built into the Magnuson Act, must be 

 eliminated. And if councils fail to address overfishing problems in 

 their fisheries, the Secretary of Commerce has to be empowered to 

 proceed with a controlled access scheme implemented from the 

 Federal level. 



The second issue that hasn't come up but I feel sort of with my 

 antenna is looming on the horizon are the implications of GATT, 

 NAFTA, and now the Law of the Sea Treaty process has been 

 started yesterday, I believe, at the U.N. Those international initia- 

 tives as well as the Brazil conference will have profound implica- 

 tions on all regions of the world, and I think we are completely 

 blind about how they may affect us in the future. We need to bring 

 that debate forward. 



I want to talk a little bit about amendment 5. Amendment 5 

 can't possibly work. Anyone who thinks that amendment 5 can pos- 

 sibly work at this point is a fool. 



When it was being drafted by the council, repeated assurances 

 were sought from the Commerce Department that resources would 

 be made available to deal with this far more complex management 

 strategy. Now we have it in place, and we have fewer resources 

 than we had before for a plan that didn't work on its own right. 



Amendment 5 for all of its benefits or its weaknesses can't pos- 

 sibly even begin to work given the resource commitment to it. I 

 think then if the Government is serious about working with the 

 fishermen over time, which I believe in strongly, the Grovernment 

 has to realize what the institutional and resource requirements of 

 doing that are. Miles Horton wrote a book called "The Long Haul," 

 and that's what it is when you're working with a community that's 

 coming from where many of our fishermen are in terms of institu- 

 tional capacity and trying to bring them in in a management capac- 

 ity in a responsible way. 



If the Government isn't going to do that, that is probably — that's 

 a matter for the Grovernment to decide, but it shouldn't hold out 

 the promise to fishermen that it wants to incorporate their views 

 if it's not prepared to bring some resources and institutions forward 

 that could help them do that. 



And then finally, I think we need to develop a positive economic 

 vision for the Gulf of Maine and its marine resources. I get this 

 sense that we're kind of managing the collapse of the fishery, and 

 that's all we're capable of 



There's a tremendous opportunity for the Federal Government, 

 for the academic institutions, we have heard some of this today, to 

 start developing a positive economic vision that goes beyond fresh 

 fish. I think there are certainly opportunities in fresh fish. There 

 have to be opportunities in biotechnology, genetics, other marine- 



