19 



Mr. Rose. Second question is with all the budget constraints and 

 the belt tightening that we are going through everywhere, and es- 

 pecially at USDA, is there not a pretty severe strain because of this 

 increase in foreign pathogens? Is there not a — entering this coun- 

 try. Is there not a pretty big strain on your resources generally? 



Mr. Lee. The answer is yes. 



Mr. Rose. Is there not a pretty big strain on your research abil- 

 ity to identify and study the life cycles, the habits of these patho- 

 gens? Is that not becoming an increasing problem because of budg- 

 et restraints? 



Mr. Lee. I don't know that I can answer that with a yes or no. 

 May I answer it, though? 



Mr. Rose. Yes. 



Mr. Lee. The answer tends to be yes because of the restricted 

 availability of funds and its application or those applications to the 

 needs; but whether it has had a negative impact on the study of 

 life cycles or not I cannot answer. 



Mr. Rose. Well, I maybe made it too restrictive, but Mr. Volk- 

 mer, I wish you would hear my question and see if you agree with 

 me on this ultimately. 



I was in Southern California on Monday at the University of 

 California at Riverside, and spent most of the day basically in- 

 volved in the problem or problems of exotic pests in the Valley area 

 and had a long meeting with a panel of entomologists at UCR. And 

 my question is, is it not true that in a State like California you at- 

 tempt to do much of your work through cooperative arrangements 

 with the State? 



Mr. Lee. We do that in California as well as your State of North 

 Carolina. 



Mr. Rose. But that is not the pattern everywhere? 



Mr. Lee. Generally, it is the pattern. We work cooperatively with 

 State Departments of Ag. 



Mr. Rose. How about Florida? 



Mr. Lee. Yes. 



Mr. Rose. Texas? 



Mr. Lee. Yes. 



Mr. Rose. Oregon and Washington State? 



Mr. Lee. Yes. 



Mr. Rose. My question is whether or not adequate resources are 

 being applied to the general problem of exotic pests or foreign 

 pathogens or however you want to describe it entering this country; 

 and whether or not this subcommittee, Mr. Volkmer, if I can get 

 him interested 



Mr. Volkmer. I am listening. 



Mr. Rose. I know you are listening, but I want to do it so that 

 you would be interested in this, because you are the granddaddy 

 of this subject and committee. I think we ought to make a special 

 effort to maybe establish a series of special research facilities to do 

 special work on exotic pests and study life cycles, baits, methods 

 of eradication. 



I mean, there is a great political problem in California, and the 

 political problem is that spra3dng with Malathion is not nec- 

 essarily — it may be the best way for some eradications, of the Med- 

 iterranean fruit fly, but my information is that it is becoming less 



