167 



Institute a Precautionary, Multi-Species Approach to Fisheries Management and Re- 

 search 



• Require that conservation and management measures and the "fishery models" 

 on which they are based take into account predator-prey interactions and include 

 alternatives that provide for moratoria. 



• Define and prohibit overfishing of target, nontarget, associated and dependent 

 species including non-fish species such as sea cucumbers, kelps, seaweeds and 

 grasses, etc. 



• Include a common and appropriate definition of long term Maximum Sustained 

 Yield that considers the entire ecosystem of a region or species and includes a mar- 

 gin of safety as a buffer against overfishing and impacts on other species. 



• Allow councils to act, quickly to establish minimum size limits and other nec- 

 essary conservation measures in a particular fishery even if no fishery management 

 plan exists or when scientific evidence is unavailable. 



• Mandate that research focus on multispecies and ecosystem interactions and 

 provide the councils with the tools to assess industry fees to help pay for it. 



Make Habitat Conservation a Priority 



• Require the Council to describe essential habitat in fishery management plans 

 and mandate the consideration of the effects on habitat to other dependent marine 

 life in those plans (not just targeted fish stocks). 



• Implement a strong national habitat protection program to preserve the produc- 

 tive capacity of fish habitats. Give the National Marine Fisheries Service meaning- 

 ful authority regarding development projects which will adversely impact important 

 fish habitats. 



Letter From Jim Gilmore, Director, Congressional Affairs, American 



Factory Trawler Association 



September 3, 1993. 



Penny Dalton, 

 U.S. Senate, 

 Washington, DC 20510 



Dear PENNY: I understand that Senator Hollings expressed concern at the Senate 

 Commerce Committee field hearing in Dillingham, Alaska about the "shoreside pref- 

 erence" plan implemented by the Bush administration. Shoreside preference is a 

 fisheries regulatory regime that grants preferential access in America's largest vol- 

 ume fishery to two Japanese companies operating shoreside processing facilities. 

 The preferential allocation comes at the expense of the U.S.-flag at-sea processing 

 fleet. 



Enclosed is a follow-up response to the questions posed by Senator Hollings at the 

 hearing. Also, enclosed is a recent article appearing in the Seattle Times which dis- 

 cusses the impact of the Commerce Department's allocation decisions. 



If there is any additional information that the Senator needs on this issue, please 

 don't hesitate to call me. 

 Sincerely, 



Jim Gilmore, 

 Director, Congressional Affairs. 



letter from harvey samuelsen 



August 26, 1993. 



The Honorable ERNEST F. HOLLINGS, 

 U.S. Senate, 

 Washington, DC 20510 



DEAR Senator HOLLINGS: Thank you for taking the time to visit Western Alaska 

 to conduct a Senate Commerce Committee field hearing on re-authorization of the 

 Magnuson Act. This letter follows up on your request at the hearing for further in- 

 formation regarding the inshore/offshore scheme that guarantees Japanese-owned 

 shore plants in Dutch Harbor, Alaska a substantial share of U.S. pollock production. 



Pollock is the largest U.S. fishery by volume; 3.0 billion pounds of pollock were 

 harvested last year. In 1992, then-Commerce Secretary Barbara Franklin approved 

 a rule requiring fishermen to land 35 percent of the Bering Sea pollock for onshore 

 processing. This is significant because pollock processing, which is capital intensive, 

 is dominated by three companies operating shoreside facilities. The two largest Jap- 



