161 



Mr. Synar. Dr. Raffle, you say in your testimony, quote, "it is im- 

 possible to predict whether or not a smoker will have any tobacco 

 abstinence discomfort based on the number of cigarettes smoked 

 per day or the duration of smoking," unquote. 



Now, Doctor, that flies in the face of the American Psychological 

 Association and also the Surgeon Greneral's report where they 

 found that cigarette and other forms of tobacco are addicting. They 

 also found that nicotine is a drug in tobacco that causes addiction. 

 And it also flies in the face of the American Medical Association's 

 position, which was delivered to the offices of the members of this 

 subcommittee today, that our experience in dealing with tobacco re- 

 sults — that tobacco smoke is a deadly result that cannot be denied. 



So you are in some ways a maverick against every reputable 

 medical institution and association in the county, are you not? 



Mr. Raffle. Nothing you have read to me just now goes counter 

 to the statement that I made that the predictability of the difficulty 

 in stopping smoking has anything to do whatsoever with the num- 

 ber of cigarettes smoked per day or the number of years a person 

 smokes. 



Mr. Synar. That is not the position of AMA or the American Psy- 

 chological Association, is it? 



Mr. Raffle. No, you misstated their position, sir. 



Mr. Synar. No, I have not. 



Mr. Gardner — if I could have one more question — you were the 

 Deputy Commissioner of the Food and Drug Administration; is that 

 correct? 



Mr. Gardner. Yes, sir. 



Mr. Synar. And during that period of time you assisted in set- 

 ting ingredients for cheeses and other food products; is that cor- 

 rect? 



Mr. Gardner. Yes, sir. 



Mr. Synar. And you were also involved in putting ingredients on 

 Nyquil and other drugs that are currently on the market; is that 

 correct? 



Mr. Gardner. That is correct. 



Mr. Synar. Can you explain to this subcommittee and this mem- 

 ber how you can justify having worked down there and actively 

 sought the listing for ingredients on those products, but you will 

 not find any ingredients on this product which has so clearly af- 

 fected so many millions of Americans lives? 



Mr. Gardner. Mr. Synar, if the concern is over the safety of in- 

 gredients, then I think there are many ways to go about dealing 

 with that question other than putting them on the label. And what 

 I think is necessary, if that is a concern, is to look for ways that 

 are the least burdensome on the Agency and on the industry. 



Mr. Synar. Mr. Gardner, did you see Dr. Kyle said that he would 

 recruit States to finance any burdens that the FDA might have? 



One final question, Mr. Gardner, are you being paid to consult 

 with the tobacco industry? 



Mr. Gardner. I am being paid for my consultation to do the job 

 that I described, that I visited the Philip Morris facilities for, yes, 

 sir. 



Mr. Synar. Thank you. 



Mr. Waxman. Paid by the tobacco industry? 



