297 



- 53 



SoM of th« FTC's consultants have published articles relating "to the 

 measurement of low tar under their own names. Foremost among them is Dr. 

 Lynn Kozlowski, and his colleagues working at the Addiction Research 

 Foundation and the Department of Preventative Medicine, at the Unvlersity 

 of Toronto, In cooperation with the laboratory which does the Canadian 

 tar tests: 



'We believe that a loophole exists n the standard smoking machine 

 prr5c:»dure In that It does not specify the number of puffs to be 

 taker,' they wrote In 1980. (Science, vol 209, pp 1550-51). 'The 

 number of puffs taken per clqaratte for some brands declined 

 significantly from I969 to 197T, and we believe that this cfianqe has 

 co nfributed < ' o the reported reductions in their tar and nicotine 

 content. ' (emphasis added) This was followed by a paper reporting 

 that more than half of a sample of smokers block the ventilation 

 holes In filters, often Inadvertently, when they draw. They added, 

 'Hole-blocking Increases the yield of toxic products by 59 percent 

 to 293 percent. ' (emphasis added) ( American Journal of Public 

 Health . NoveiSir 1980, vol 70, pp lZOZ-3).. in The Lancet~ Tn"1981 

 (vol I, p. 508) Kozlowski said, 'Ultralow tar cigarettes do not 

 deliver ultra-low-tar tobacco smoke -- they deliver less smoke and 

 more air per puff ... some smokers defeat the vented filter by 

 blocking holes with fingers, lips ... and can turn a 4 mg cigarette 

 into a 13 mg one." ''* 



