406 



March 25, 1994 Page 18 



benefits of smoking for its customers in the following way: 



Among the benefits of cigarette smoking which have been 

 frequently mentioned by smokers or which have been noted in 

 the literature are the following: pleasing taste and aroma; 

 satisfaction; stress reduction; relaxation; stimulation; 

 aided concentration; increased memory retention; alleviation 

 of boredom and fatigue; avoidance of loss of vigilance in 

 repetitive or sustained tasks; and facilitation of social 

 interaction. (Reply to interrogatories, Gilbov v R. J. 

 Reynolds ) 



The biobehavioral research laboratory at R. J. Reynolds has 

 proven that several of these effects are caused by nicotine 

 acting in the brain. A paper by Drs . Robinson, Pritchard and 

 Davis (1992) , copies of which have been provided to the 

 Subcommittee, show that cigarettes which do not deliver nicotine 

 (presumably Next brand cigarettes from Philip Morris) fail to 

 change the EEG of smokers in ways characteristic of the relaxing 

 and the stimulating effects of smoking. Conventional cigarettes 

 do cause these EEG changes. The paper proves that it is the 

 nicotine in cigarette smoke, and the nicotine alone, which causes 

 these desired effects of smoking. Throughout the article, the 

 authors emphasize that these are important pharmacologic effects 

 of smoking and that the achievement of these effects are among 

 the reasons people smoke cigarettes. 



Cigarette companies often say they design and market their 

 products in response to consumer demand, . and the explicit effects 

 mentioned by cigarette companies and discussed in this section 

 are among the effects smokers expect from cigarettes. Since 

 cigarette manufacturers are market driven companies, they intend 

 that their products provide these effects. 



