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March 25, 1994 Page 24 



of a drug such as nicotine, though, the sudden withdrawal of that 

 drug can produce a dis-ease, an illness, which is experienced as 

 a disturbance of homeostasis. The ingestion of the drug, in 

 alleviating the withdrawal syndrome, is then experienced as a 

 restoration of normalcy. Philip Morris' choice of the term 

 "physiolgical activity, " then, implies that the particular 

 pharmacologic actions of nicotine intended in this patent are 

 those associated with the relief of withdrawal symptoms. 



The term "satisfying smoke" also sugge.sts this, as discussed 

 in the previous section. 



Similarly, Gallahers Limited, a subsidiary of American 

 Brands, refers to nicotine as "a physiologically active agent" in 

 its 1980 patent, number 4,236,532. 



Taken together, the two patents on tobacco satisfaction and 

 the two on physiological activity demonstrate that major 

 cigarette manufacturers intend to provide tobacco satisfaction 

 and a restoration of physiological balance to their customers. 

 This is accomplished by the delivery of nicotine to the brain, 

 and both terms refer to the maintenance of an addiction to 

 nicotine . 



Nicotine euid Caffeine 



Cigarette industry spokesmen frequently compare smoking 

 cigarettes to the drinking of coffee, tea and caffeinated 

 beverages. They speak of smoking as a habit, like coffee 

 drinking. In doing so, they concede that smoking is often at 



