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and duration of inhalation. We have recorded wide 

 variability in intake among smokers. Among a 

 group of pack-a-day smokers, some will take in 

 less than the average half -pack smoker, some will 

 take in more than the average two-pack-a-day 

 smoker. 



3) Highly absorbable: 97% nicotine retention. 



4) Rapid transfer: nicotine delivered to blood 

 stream in 1 to 3 minutes.''^ 



5) Non-noxious administration [sic] . 



Smoke is beyond question the most optimized vehicle of 

 nicotine and the cigarette the most optimized dispenser of 

 smoke. (Dunn, 1973, pages 5 and 6) 



Conclusions 



• Nicotine is the cause of cigarette smoking. 



• Nicotine has important psychoactive effects, including 

 addiction. 



• Cigarettes are designed to promote inhalation of 

 cigarette smoke and thereby the rapid absorption of 

 nicotine into the body. 



• Cigarettes are engineered to deliver optimal doses of 

 nicotine. A wide range of technologies, including the 

 addition of nicotine in various forms, can be employed 

 to accomplish this. 



• Cigarette companies intend that their customers 

 experience a variety of pharmacologic effects from the 

 nicotine absorbed from cigarette smoke. Among these 

 intended effects is the sustaining of addiction to 

 nicotine among those dependent on the drug. 



• Cigarettes are articles intended by their manufacturers 

 to affect the structure or function of the body and 

 therefore are subject to regulation under the Food, 

 Drug and Cosmetic Act. 



Actually, delivery is in a matter of a few seconds. 



