467 



13 



4,836,224 



14 



•Nol •• csvnph d Iht lnvmlo^ 



'FTC eoodiuo™ conbl of iwo urani* of pulTllit ()! "I 'OHl volume) Itfttttt br >• xcondt of unokSn 



•"Tir-Zoioxint tt Ihe rtilo of FTC -III" K FTC .fcaxloe <leltv«P«d tr> Ike cif .iflM ^ , ^ 



>Tol»l Bcoil.. k ih. iot«l loKni of nicoiiiw (Ic t> «eo<l«e p.ae«l «.llii« lti« ci»uni« fiooi ill low™ ■■«) hurt M il« iliy wnjM of llw 



(ilkt^ See. iKe Htrvej e< •! tefennce. •ip™. 



'Puff count b ihe avcTKte number of pufft per cifw^ne provtdcd urrder FTC imofcwf conditiom. 



Henke pH to delennmed inli>i ifce ie<Jii>Ho= Uexnbed li ihe S<nsri>u|K ei il leferrrrce. iirpri The pceieMerl mlrmurn i~l m..m«n pH vilae 



be e«* cipsrene .re the ceicatoled ever^e of per ptJT »ii>mein ervl nuarxn valuer oMXMi: (or I puITi per ct|ireite 



The dati in Table I indicate that the various ciga- 15 

 reltes have increased nicotine contents and exhibit in- 

 creased FTC nicotine values as the level of 1-nicoline 

 levnlinate is increased. In addition, the FTC "tar" to 

 nicotine ratios for the samples decrease »s the level of 

 1-nicotine levulinate is increased. The various cigarettes 20 

 each exhibit similar "tar" deliveries, carbon monoxide 

 deliveries and puff counts. Further, the samples of the 

 invention (i.e., Sample Nos. 1-3) exhibit a pH of the 

 whole smoke lower than that of the sample not having 

 the exogenous nicotine/organic acid salt (i.e.. Sample 25 

 No. C-1). 



Evaluations of the organoleptic properties of the 

 Sample Nos. 2, 3 and C-1 indicate that the cigarette 

 having about 5 percent salt additive (i.e.. Sample No. 3) 

 exhibits greater impact and smoothness as well as less 30 

 harshness than the cigarette not having salt additive 

 fi.e., Sample No. C-1). Sample No. 2 is not significantly 

 different organoleptically from Sample No. C-1 in 

 terms of harshness and overall taste, even through there 

 is a substantial increase in FTC nicotine of the sample 35 

 relative to the comparative sample. Thus. Ihe nicotine 

 levulinate additive provides for a cigarette having a 

 relatively low FTC "tar" to FTC nicotine ratio while 

 having a smooth (i.e., not overly harsh) taste. 



EXAMPLE 2 



Cigarettes incorporating varying amounts of the 1- 

 nicotine levulinate salt are provided using the following 

 procedure. 



Cigarettes having lengths of about 84 mm and cir- 45 

 cumferences of about 24.85 mm have tobacco rod 

 lengths of 57 mm and filter elem.ent lengths of 27 mm. 

 The tobacco rod includes a charge of tobacco cut filler 

 weighing about 0.49 g contained in a circumscribing 

 cigarette paper wrap which is sold commercially as 854 50 

 Cigarette Paper by Ecusta Corp. The filter element is 

 manufactured using conventional cigarette filter mak- 

 ing technology from cellulose acetate tow (2.1 denier 

 per filament, 48,000 total denier) and circumscribing 

 non-air permeable paper plug wrapp. The tobacco rod 55 

 and filter element are aligned in an abutting, end-to-end 

 relationship and secured together using a non-air per- 

 meable tipping paper. The tipping paper is adhesively 

 secured to the filter element and the adjacent portion of 

 the tobacco rod. The tipping materia! circumscribes the 60 

 length of the filter element and about i mm of the length 

 of the tobacco rod. Cigarettes so described are manu- 

 factured using a Pilot Cigarette Maker from Hauni- 

 Werke Korber & Co. KG. A ring of laser perforations 

 are provided amound the periphery of Ihe cigarette 65 

 about 1 3 mm from the extreme mouthend thereof The 

 perforations penetrate through the tipping paper and 

 plug wrap, and are provided using a Latjoratory Laser 



Perforator from Hauni-Werke Korber 4 Co. KG. The 

 perforated cigarette is 75 percent air diluted. The ciga- 

 rettes so manufactured are designated Sample Nos. 4, 5, 

 6 and C-2, corresponding to the sample of filler msterial 

 from which each cigarette is manufactured. 



The filler material employed in providing the tobacco 

 rod is in the form of strands cut at about 32 cuts per 

 inch. The mitial filler material includes a blend of aboui 

 43 percent burley tobacco, about 6 percent fiue-curcd 

 tobacco, about 19 percent reconstituted tobacco mate- 

 rial, and about 32 percent Turkish tobacco. The blend 

 has an aqueous casing of glycerin and flavors applied 

 thereto. 



Four lots of Ihe cut filler blend, each lo! weighing 940 

 g, are provided. The first lot is treated with 60 g of the 

 1-nicotine levulinate additive. The second lot is treated 

 with 140 g of Ihe 1-nicotine levulinate additive. The 

 third lot is treated with 200 g of the 1-nicotine levulinate 

 additive. The fourth lot is nol treated with the 1-nico- 

 line levulinate additive and is employed for comparison 

 purposes. 



The 1-nicotine levulinate additive is applied to cut 

 filler as a spray using a hand sprayer lo apply a l:i 

 mixture of water and additive. 



Each of Ihe four lots are separately placed in sealed 

 plastic bags and stored at 70' F. for 2 days. Then, Ihe 

 four lots are each mixed with about 1,060 g of a cut filler 

 mixture of about 35 parts volume expanded burley to- 

 bacco and about 65 parts volume expanded flue-cured 

 tobacco. The volume expanded cut filler mixture is 

 added to each lot using a mixing dr\im in order lo pro- 

 vide a well mixed blend having a moisture content of 

 about 12 percent lo about 13 percent. The resulting 

 blend provided from Ihe first lot of filler material has 

 about 3 percent of the 1-nicotine levulinate salt applied 

 thereto (based on the filler conditioned weight) and is 

 designated as Sample No. 4. The resulting blend pro- 

 vided from Ihe second lot of filler material has about 7 

 percent of ihe 1-nicoline levulinate salt applied thereto 

 (based on the filler conditioned weight) and is desi- 

 ganted as Sample No. 5. The resulting blend provided 

 from the third lot of filler material has about 10 percent 

 of the 1-nicotine levulinate salt applied thereto (based 

 on the filler conditioned weight) and is designated as 

 Sample No. 6. The resulting blend provided from the 

 fourth lot of filler material is nol treated with the 1-nico- 

 tine levulinate salt additive, is employed for comparison 

 purposes, and is designated as Sample No. C-2. 



For comparison purposes, Sample No. C-3 is pre- 

 pared. Sample No. C-3 is provided by adding nicotine 

 lo a cigarette designated as Sample No. C-2. In particu- 

 lar, about 30 mg of a 1:1 mixture of elhanol and 85 

 percent pure 1-nicotine is injected into the cigarette in 



