640 



Mr. Wyden. We'll wait just a moment, Dr. Campbell, so that you 

 can have the exhibit. 



All right. At page 4, you'll note that the Surgeon Greneral lays 

 out the standard definition of drug addiction that's been adopted by 

 various organizations, including the World Health Organization 

 and the American Psychiatric Association. 



Here is what the Surgeon General said, with respect to the ele- 

 ments, on drug addiction. First, the central element among all 

 forms of drug addiction is that the behavior of the user is largely 

 controlled by a psychoactive substance. Second, there is often com- 

 pulsive use of the drug despite damage to the individual or to soci- 

 ety. And drug-seeking behavior can take precedence over other im- 

 portant priorities. 



Third, the drug is reinforcing. That is, it is the pharmacologic of 

 the drug is sufficiently rewarding to maintain self-administration. 

 Fourth, tolerance is another aspect of drug addiction, whereby a 

 given dose of the drug produces less effect, or increasing doses are 

 required to achieve a specified intensity of response. 



Fifth, the physical dependence on the drug can also occur, and 

 is characterized by withdrawal S3nidrome that usually accompanies 

 drug abstinence. Six, after cessation of drug use, there is a strong 

 tendency to relapse. 



Now, the Surgeon General goes on to state, and I quote, "This 

 report demonstrates in detail that tobacco use and nicotine, in par- 

 ticular, meet all these criteria." 



Do you still disagree with the conclusion of the Surgeon General? 



Mr. Campbell. I have a common sense definition of addiction 

 which tells me that, first of all, I'm a smoker and I'm not a drug 

 addict. And, basically, I can function in quite a normal way, my 

 judgment is not impaired, I like most smokers don't have an indica- 

 tion of — there is no indication that there is tolerance at play here. 

 People smoke the same amount 



Mr. Wyden. We'll say you disagree because time is short. 



Mr. Campbell. OK, fine. Thank you. 



Mr. Wyden. In Chapter 4, the Surgeon General reaches the fol- 

 lowing conclusions. They appear on page 14 of this same exhibit. 

 First, cigarettes and other forms of tobacco are addicting, patterns 

 of tobacco use are regular and compulsive, and a withdrawal syn- 

 drome usually accompanies tobacco abstinence. Are you familiar 

 with this statement by the Surgeon General? 



Mr. Campbell. I'm just catching up to you, sir. I'm sorry Con- 

 gressman Wyden. Would you 



Mr. Wyden. Do you disagree with that statement from the Sur- 

 geon General? 



Mr. Campbell. I think that it is rather ironic that the Surgeon 

 General in 1964 did not conclude that cigarettes were addictive, 

 and then in 1988 he seems to have changed his mind. I stick by 

 my common sense definition. I really, you know, I think that these 

 kind of comparisons with heroine, and cocaine, and hard drugs, are 

 really not applicable. 



Mr. Wyden. Hopefully, we'll get a yes or no answer to some of 

 these questions. 



Mr. Campbell. OK. 



