641 



Mr. Wyden. And I'd like to stick to that. Now, the Surgeon Gren- 

 eral goes on to state that nicotine is the drug in tobacco that causes 

 addiction. Specifically, nicotine is psychoactive, mood altering, and 

 can provide pleasurable effects. Nicotine can serve as a reinforcer 

 to motivate tobacco-seeking and tobacco-using behavior. Tolerance 

 develops such that repeat use results in diminished effect and be 

 accompanied by increased intake. Nicotine also causes physical de- 

 pendence, characterized by withdrawal S3nidrome that usually ac- 

 companies nicotine abstinence. Do you disagree with this state- 

 ment? 



Mr. Campbell. Yes, I do. 



Mr. Wyden. In Chapter 5, the Surgeon General concludes, and 

 I quote, "The pharmacologic and behavioral processes that deter- 

 mine tobacco addiction are similar to those that determine addic- 

 tion to drugs such as heroine and cocaine." Am I correct that you 

 disagree with this statem^ent as well? 



Mr. Campbell. Yes, I do. And I particularly — I think there is 

 some people, including some anti-tobacco people that disagree with 

 that, the characterization like heroine and cocaine. 



Mr. Wyden. Now, Dr. Campbell, the Surgeon General 



Mr. Campbell. I'm not a doctor, sir, I'm sorry. 



Mr. Wyden. All right. Mr. Campbell, the Surgeon General is not 

 exactly out there by himself with respect to the scientific commu- 

 nity. Let me now give you Exhibit 2. 



[Exhibits 2 and 3 follow:] 



