368 



Mr. Synar. No, he didn't say specific tobacco-related products, he 

 said tobacco-related effects. 



Mr. Glenn. That would include nicotine. 



Mr. Synar. Are you familiar with your Council report of 1993? 



Mr. Glenn. I am. 



Mr. Synar. Out of the 296 studies in your index, where you fund- 

 ed about $19.5 million in grants; as I see from the index only 10 

 or about 10 of the projects have anything to do with tobacco. Do 

 you dispute that? 



Mr. Glenn. No, sir. 



Mr. Synar. So you don't devote much research to cigarettes or 

 the death of the 434,000 Americans a year, do you? 



Mr. Glenn. Because, Mr. S3aiar, medical research in general has 

 taken the turn towards basic fundamental understanding of cell 

 regulation and deregulation. Until we understand these processes, 

 we cannot explain any diseases. And our research is at the fore- 

 front, along with that of the National Cancer Institute and the Na- 

 tional Institutes of Health and the various other private funding 

 agencies. 



Mr. Synar. Dr. Glenn, has the Council for Tobacco Research con- 

 ducted or financed research that has found that smoking cigarettes 

 or using oral tobacco increases the likelihood of a person developing 

 lung cancer or heart disease? 



Mr. Glenn. I didn't hear your question, sir. 



Mr. Synar. Has the CTR conducted or financed research that has 

 found that smoking cigarettes or using oral tobacco increases the 

 likelihood of a person getting lung cancer or heart disease? 



Mr. Glenn. Yes, sir. 



Mr. Synar. Will you provide that for the committee? 



Mr. Glenn. Yes, sir, it is provided in the annual reports that you 

 already have at hand. 



Mr. Synar. Dr. Glenn, has the Council for 



Mr. Waxman. Just a moment, we want to receive specifically 

 from you an answer, do not just refer us to some other document. 



We will hold the record open but we want a specific response to 

 that question. 



Mr. Synar. You will provide that full report? 



Mr. Glenn. Yes, sir. 



[The following information was received:] 



At the hearing, I was asked about studies funded by the Council that found that 

 tobacco use increased the hkehhood of disease. With all due respect, this request 

 is extremely naive, and therefore very difficult to respond to meaningfully. Modem 

 scientific studies into the etiology of chronic diseases typically focus on narrow ques- 

 tions, the answers to which contribute to a broader understanding of disease proc- 

 esses. However, as a general matter, each such study, standing alone, does not state 

 that smoking does or does not make the chronic disease more likely. The reported 

 research findings have implications for the relationship between smoking and dis- 

 ease that are far more subtle, complex and cumulative. 



Consequently, in many instances, it is difficult to determine — and it ultimately is 

 a subjective matter — whether a publication is deemed to have found an increased 

 likelihood of disease. Indeed, I believe that any two persons who might review the 

 full set of publications resulting from the Council's grants in response to this re- 

 quest would come up with different sets of documents. As I stated on May 26 in 

 response to this request, abstracts of publications resulting from CTR grants and 

 contracts have appeared in the Council s annual reports, and we can make the pub- 

 lications themselves available to the subcommittee for its review. 



