235 



of mouse skin painting studies in Project Janus, and Project Janus 

 is summarized in chart 21. 



I have before me a series of over 30 Project Janus studies. These 

 are studies that you have submitted to us. And I want to stack 

 these up, perhaps, you could put this down over here on the table, 

 stack it up, that is if we can stack them, all the Project Janus stud- 

 ies, these studies have titles like carcinogenicity of smoke conden- 

 sate to mouse skin and investigation of mutagenic effect of inhaled 

 smoke on mice. 



In mouse skin painting experiments, the researchers paint, say, 

 condensate tobacco smoke on the skin of a mouse and then ob- 

 serves whether any tumors form. Well, the Project Janus experi- 

 ments repeatedly found that tobacco caused tumors when painted 

 on mice skin and, in the 1971 survey of the Janus mouse skin 

 painting experiments, over 80 percent of the mice exposed to a flue- 

 cured blend of tobacco, developed tumors and in the 1973 report on 

 carcinogenicity of smoke condensate to mouse skin, over 70 percent 

 of the mice developed permanent tumors and over 50 percent devel- 

 oped malignant tumors. 



Mr. Sandefur, I find it difficult to understand the contrast be- 

 tween Project Truth on the one hand and Project Janus on the 

 other. How could your company in good faith tell the public that 

 smoking is not dangerous to health when you knew from the Janus 

 studies that tobacco smoke condensate produced tumors in mice, 

 many of them malignant? 



Mr. Sandefur. Congressman, I can't answer that question. I 

 wasn't around in 1971. 



Mr. Waxman. Well, you are the chief executive officer of Brown 

 & Williamson. You are here to represent them. There have been ac- 

 cusations in the press. This is not something new and completely — 

 I think we have more information than had otherwise been known, 

 but it had been written about even in The New York Times and 

 probably other publications as well. 



Wouldn't you expect that, as the chief executive officer, you 

 would be knowledgeable about something which is clearly part of 

 the inquiry today? 



Mr. Sandefur. Mr. Congressman, Mr. Chairman, I have cer- 

 tainly discussed this with my scientists. And I can tell you that I'm 

 told that you can take concentrated tomato juice and put it on 

 mice, the skin of mice, and create the same type tumors. That's 

 what I've been told. I'm also told that fresh whole smoke has never 

 demonstrated anything like this. 



Mr. Waxman. How can that be? 



Mr. Sandefur. I'm telling you what they told me. 



Mr. Waxman. I'm telling you that your documents to us from 

 your scientists in your files showed that they were conducting stud- 

 ies where they put this condensate on the mice and they developed 

 these tumors. Now, you claim you don't know about it and you 

 weren't there, but let me ask you this: Do you think that it was 

 a responsible action on the part of Brown & Williamson on the one 

 hand to be conducting what was called Project Truth to tell people 

 don't worry about these reports about cancerous tumors in mice be- 

 cause of tobacco, because we don't think it's really happening, and 

 on the other hand your scientists at the same time telling you it 



