368 



•a- 



IWTROOOCtlON 



Nica^M It aa •xtttmmlj bloloslejlly aetlv* coapouad c«p«bl« •( 



tlleltlnt^ n^tM of p)iir«««ologlc«l, blocb«alc«l aad ph]rslolotlc*l 



rccpoDCCS ^liyivo <1, 2, 9). tXirlnf •aoklnc It 1* rapidly and alaMt 



quantitativaly -^torb«4 bgr luns tltaut fro« tht partlculata phaac •( 



C' . 

 whole clgarecc* %mb)t^ bcfer* cnterlni the blood ttreaa (4). 



/.■ 

 In aonc Instancet,' the phar»acolo|lcal rctponsc of taokera Co alcotlnt 



It believed to be respoostbpe ior an lodlvldual't taokloi behavloor, 



providing Che aodvadoa for ao*^ clie degree of tadtfactloo required by 



^'^ the tnoker (5, 6). '->.^ 



"^'^ There arc nunerout reporca la Che" I^teratura lndlcaclo| a dlrt<c or 



Isdlr^^ reladonthlp becvecn nicotine and Cxaoc* «i in rivo paycbolo|lcal, 



btochaalc^ and phyalolo|lc«l retpontct. Q-> ,' v 



ib« frln^iple blocbcalcal and phytlologlcal c^fi£ta^9^tly 



attrlbucabl* to nri^clM arc chan(ca In Kaeaodyntalct r^lacel4(c foKClon, 



vateular tone and her^ bloo^ presture chaoget, Increaaed cardiac Mtput . 



Incretted aecabollc rmcc.'^banget lo tbe whole body Intcr-rtlatloasuSk 



between lipid and glue«M m*t^^lltm. $o«* of thcta affcctt, not 



turprlalngly, have been la^llcaced^4.n the atlology of a nuabar of cardiac 



and vatcular dlteatea (7, g). ^ 



A large proportloe of th« blochcmlcal^nd phytlologlcal tffccu can 

 be cither directly or ladlractly relatad to cK^a^et In the blood Ictclt 

 of adrenalin (eplnephrlM) and ooradrenillo (nore^oephrlnc) follovlsg 

 nicotine adalnistratloo (7, 8). The cbtnget In adrenil horaona le«<lt In 

 retponte to nicotine retult froa the direct action of nlco^l^c on tbe 

 acabrane pcnneabillty of th« gland, causing a ludden aad of teifVBraaatlc 



8W.W2.10041 



