430 



- 23 - 



^. 



to the same'^Tticisms mentioned before . Also, the work is still subject to 

 the criticisms t}Nilp|ve been leveled at it by such eminent statisticians as 

 Dr. Leo Katz, Prof^J^ of Statistics, Michigan State University. 



Dr. Katz^^searM <^ing the 1969 Congressional hearings on 

 cigarette advertising ajxf^poke'aj follows with regard to the figures on which 



6, 



this claim is based: . y 



"A statement which has'.kecoroe a catchword ('the life expectancy 

 for a tAvo-pack a day, or i*\Qjre, smoker at age 25 is 8. 3 years 

 '. -^ less than that for the correffpocding nonsmoker. ') for broadcaste.'s 



"vC- IS the one on page 9 of the 1 96^^upplement, relating to estimates 



'~^-. of life expectancy by Hammond. :The figures he rer>orts are 

 /^ unadjusted for physical, psychological, or genetic differences. 

 "The implication is extremely strongr' 3a table S on page 10 and 

 iir<he text, that the only difference berv^^n noa-smokers and 

 £m^«rs is the whim which led the latter tb^tako the wrong road. 

 It IS riviere explained how prohibition of tK*-use of tobacco pro- 

 ducts w^Ad erase observed differences in phy^al. MV^JwIogical 

 aria ftnetiMd characteristics. " O >-"• 



Indeed, "m Or.'«tz went on to say, a study of Hamfrrond's flfbres 

 suggests It is as conceivable Hr»t smoking may be merely a symptom of 

 whatever the factors are 'imX C«use/<,^horter life span as it is that smoking ^6^f 

 Is the cause. V/^ 



He concluded: Vy 



■K 



"Actually, the suggestion is stroog thu. xather than the other 

 way about, it is true that whatever causBi-Jhe life expectancy 

 difference also leads to taking up of smoki/r^s psychological 

 rebef. " -j^ 



% 



'' 300,000 Excess Deaihs Caused by Smoking" --This is a figure ^ 



(g. _ c 



that has been bandied around for quite some time. It has been featui^d in |^ 



% o 



news stories, used extensively in speeches, and even reprinted In scientific w 



o 



articles; vet the figure has no tisis in fact. How it came into existence is 



a fascir.ating story: 



