P««e2 



Tlie nHnais Agri nd Associfttioa Record 



May 1, 1923 



lllinou Agricalbiral Assfdatioii 



RECORD 



Published twice a month iby the 

 Illinois Agricultural Association, 

 608 South Dearborn Street, Chicago. 

 Illinois. Edited by News Pi«bllclty 

 Department, I*. J. Hontross, Director. 



Entry aa second class matter Oct. 

 10. 1921. at the post office fit Chi- 

 cago, Illinois, under the act of 

 March 3,4879. Acceptance far mail- 

 ing at special rates of postage pro- 

 vided for in Section 1103, Act of 

 October 3. 1917, authorised Oct. 31 

 1921. 



The individual membership fee of 

 the Illinois Agricultural Associa- 

 tion is five dollars a year. This 

 fee includes payment of ten cents 

 for subscription to the Illinois Ag- 

 ricultural Association Record. 



OFFICERS 



President. S. H. Thompson. Quincy. 



Vice-President, A. O. Eckert, Belle- 

 ville. 



Secretary. Geo. A. Fox. Sycamore. 



Treasurer. R. A. Cowlea. Blooming- 

 ton. 



EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE 



By Con^esflional DistricU 



nth — Henry McGough. Maple Park- 

 12th — G-. F. TuMock. Rockford. 

 13th — C- E. Bamborough. Polo. 

 14th — W. H. Moody. Port Byron. 

 I5th — H. E. GOembel. Hoopole. 

 l«th— G. E. Reder. Mendota. 

 I7th — F. D. Barton. Cornell. 

 Igth — C. R. Finley. Hoopeston. 

 19th — D. J. Holterman, Sadorus. 

 20th — Earl J; Smlttt. Detroit. 

 21st — E. L. Corbin. Carllnville. 

 22nd — Fred paumberger. Reno. 

 33rd — Carlton Trimble. Trimble. 

 24th-r-Curt Anderson, Xenia. 

 25th — Vernon Lessley. Sparta. 



Directors of Departments, 

 I. A. A. Office 



General Office and Assistant to Sec- 

 retary. J. D. Harper; Field Organis- 

 ation. J. C. Sailor; Organization Pub- 

 licity, G. E. Metzger; News Public- 

 ity. I*. 3. Montross; Transportation. 

 L. J. Quasey; Statistics. J. C. Wat- 

 son; Finance. R. A. Cowles; Fruit 

 and Vegetable Marketing. C. E. 

 Durst; Live Slock Marketing. C. A. 

 Stewart; Dairy Marketing. A. D. 

 Lynch; Phosphate Limestone. J. R. 

 Bent. Legal. Newton Jenkins. 



CAPPER-TINCHER 

 ACT IS UPHELD 

 BY SUPREME COURT 



, __ (Continue^ from page 1) 



Dairy Marketing 

 Producers In 



Service is the watchword of the Illinois 

 tion. No department of the association is w 

 it can show definite accomplishments which 

 to the farmers of the state. Here's the sto 

 vice departments of the I. A. A. which has < 

 Dairj' Marketing Department. 



When the Dairy Marketing Department was 

 l^arsen, director of extension and professor of ( 

 kota State College, was secured to direct th€ wi 

 cliarge of the work until laftt January when h 

 the position of Dean of Agriculture at the South 

 was succeeded by A. D. Lynch, a man with seve 

 in the practical management of dairy plants. 



epartment Serves 

 n Advisory Capacity 



mltural Associa- 

 V to exist unless 

 been of benefit 

 ■ one of the 8er- 

 led results — the 



aed In 1920, C. 



ng at South Da- 

 Mr. Larsen had 

 igned to accept 

 )ta college. He 

 !ars' experience 



that in our inquiry as to the valid- 

 ity of the legislation, we must ac- 

 cept the view that such manipula- 

 tion does work to the detriment 

 of producers, consumers, shippers 

 and legitimate dealers In Inter- 

 state commerce In grain and that 

 jt is a real abuse. 



Interstate Commerce Affected 

 "But It is contended that it Is too 

 remote in its effect on interstate 

 commerce, and that it is not like 

 the direct additions to .the cost 

 (o the producer of markeii<}g cat- 

 tle by exorbitant charges and dis- 

 crimination of commission men 

 and dealers. This is hardly con- 

 sistent with the afOdavits the 

 plaintiffs presented from the lead- 

 ing economists, who say that deal- 

 ing in futures stabilizes cash 

 pricea. 



"More than this, prices of grain 

 futures are those upon which an 

 owner and intending seller of cash 

 grain is influenced to sell or not 

 to. sell as they offer a good oppor- 

 tunity to him to hedge comfort- 

 ably against future fluctuations. 



Prices', Manipulated 

 "Manipulations of grain futures 

 for speculative profit, though not 

 carried to the extent of a comer 

 or. complete monopoly, exert a 

 vicious influence and produce ab- 

 normal and disturbing temporary 

 fluctuations of prices that are not 

 responsible to actual supply and 

 demand and discourage not only 

 this justifiable hedging but dis- 

 turb the normal flow of actual- 

 consignments. A futures market 

 lends Itself to such manipulation 

 much more readily than a cash 

 market." 



The Court upheld the govern- 

 ment's contention that futures 

 trading affects the cash price of 

 grain. The relation between cash 

 grain and future dealing is evi- 



The Dairy Marketing Depart- 

 ment operates on the basis of 

 service which is largely of an ad- 

 visory nature. It co-operates with 

 local farm bureaus in the forma- 

 tion of co-operative dairy market- 

 ing associations. When such an 

 enterprise is contemplated, the 

 department first makes a field 

 survey. Local conditions are 

 studied, existing marketing ob- 

 served, and a careful analysis of 

 the situation is made to see 

 whether a. marketing organization 

 would be likely to succeed. 



Sometimes it Is found Inad- 

 visable to start a co%>peratlve of 

 the kind contemplated, when lo- 

 cal conditions do not point to 

 success. It is felt that It is better 

 to have tbe credit of advisin? an 

 impossible proposition not to go 

 ahead than to be able to recount 

 a large number of enterprises 

 started, all of which may not 

 prove to be successful. 

 OrKanlzlng 



After the field survey, if con- 

 ditions se«m favorable for going 

 ahead, the next step is that of 

 organization. This may consist 

 in the signing of a contract or 

 it may require, as In the case of 

 a stock company, the sale of 

 stock. 



rollowing the organization 

 comes installation. A building 

 must be built or rented, machin- 

 ery and equipment has to be pur- 

 chased, by-laws must be provided, 

 an accounting system set up and 

 a manager provided. In each of 

 these phases of the work, the 

 department attempts to serve. 



Often the Dairy Marketing De- 



denced by the fact that corners in 

 grain have resulted from dealings 

 in futures. 



Br(ulfnte Comiiient)i 



Presideot O. E. Bradfute, of the 

 American Farm Burean' Federa- 

 tion, in commenting upon the Su- 

 preme Court decision, said: 



"The farmecji of America will 

 recognize In this decision the 

 establishment for all time of their 

 fundamental right to follow their 

 own products as far to market as 

 they llkev The President of the 

 United 53tates, and the f'ederal 

 Congress, have already repeatedly 

 voiced their interest in and their 

 support of co-operative market- 

 ing. Now comes the third branch 

 of the national government, the 

 United States Supreme Court, and 

 upholds "the legality 'of co-opera- 

 tive marketing. It is a decision of 

 far-reaching importance and will 

 sustain the growers of farm crops 

 everywhere in their belief that 

 our co-operative marketing pro- 

 gram is right." 



Mr. Bradfute was also very 



pleased over the fact that admis- 

 sion to exchanges will now be 

 granted to co-operative marketing 

 associations, by which action the 

 Supreme Court recognized one of 

 the fundamental principles of co- 

 operative marketinlir^the payment 

 of patropase dlTidapda %o mem- 

 bers. 



DAIRYING 



Illinois has 1,148.000 dairy 

 cows on 237.000 farms, pro- 

 ducing 2,000,000 gallons of 

 milk daily. Dairy farms, in- 

 cluding animals and equip- 

 ment, represent an invest- 

 ment of over $100,OOAOOO. 

 The state ranks third in ice 

 cream production, fourth in 

 fluid milk sold, seventh in 

 and eighth In 



milk proC 

 butter pr 



Read 

 story anc 

 Dairy Di 

 A. A. It 

 dairymen 



lon. 



accompanying 

 out what the 



nent of the 1. 



ig for Illinois 



partment i 

 another de 

 A., such as 

 to give the 

 best of SI 

 auditing se 

 vided by 

 Auditing if 

 portant es 

 ness mana; 



After th 

 lished and 

 tenance se 

 Is necessar 

 tion occasi 

 touch with 

 of a new 

 visit to on 

 and succes 

 how they 

 a sort of 

 between c 

 operation. 



co-operate with 

 lent of the I. A. 

 .egal Department, 

 co-operative the 

 A competent 

 may also be pro- 

 state association, 

 far the most im- 

 il to good busl- 

 it. 



tenance 



operative is estab- 

 ctloning, a main- 

 is rendered. It 

 visit the organlza- 

 y and to keep in 

 Often the officials 

 ■peratlve make a 

 more of the older 

 issociations to see 

 tion and to form 

 rking relationship 

 ratives of similar 



There a 

 operative 

 ciations '^i 



d Kinds 



veral kinds of co- 

 ■ marketing asso- 

 stence in Illinois. 

 This is due to the many degrees 

 of dairying found in the state. 

 In some sections, particularly in 

 the northern part, the number 

 of cows per farm Is nauch greater 

 than it is in the central and 

 southern parts of the state. 



Thus locally owned co-opera- 

 tive creameries are found in the 

 northwestern part of Illinois, at 

 Elizabeth, Galena, Mt. Carroll. 

 and Apple River. Intensified 

 dairying conditions are found in 

 the communities surrounding 

 these towns, and the cream comes 

 from a s"""" radius, being prac- 

 tically al vered by the farm- 

 era them: :. 



Bar* le Associations 

 In th( tion of the state 

 where da ? is more scattered. 

 It Is moi acult and often im- 

 possible farmers to operate 

 their ow operative creamery. 

 In orde r them to obtain 

 enough \ e. It wottld be neces- 

 sary t<t long distances. In 

 such ini )B, dairymen find a 

 means co-operative selling 

 known t i bargaining associa- 

 tion. T dnd of organization 

 Is to be d in EfBngham, Jef- 

 ferson, Franklin counties. 



DAIRY DIRECTOR 



A. D. LYNCH 



A. D. Lynch, of the I. A. A. 

 Dairy Marketing Service, is well 

 fitted to direct the work of the 

 department. His training has 

 been altogethei>^ along dairy lines, 

 both production and manufactur- 

 ing. He has had several years 

 experience as manager of dairy 

 plants and hence is familiar with 

 the many problems peculiar to 

 the organization and management 

 of such enterprises. 



Very frequently a town Is found 

 to be supporting several . cream 

 stations where one station would 

 perhaps serve the needs of the 

 district. Through a bargaining 

 association, the farmers run their 

 own station co-operatively, thus 

 eliminating considerable . buying 

 cost for which the producer must 

 ultimately pay. The product is 

 then sold to creameries for as 

 good a price as they can obtain. 

 Usually this is done by bidding. 

 In some Instances these co-opera- 

 tive cream stations have netted 

 the farmers an increased return 

 of from five to eight and even 

 more cents per pound of butter- 

 fat. 



A bargaining association re- 

 quires 'no capital stock and is 



therefore not costly. It is edu- 

 cational In Its nature and it 

 stabilizes dairy operations, pro- 

 motes better quality, permits 

 grading, reduces expense, and 

 benefits the co-operators. It also 

 paves the way for larger under- 

 takings. 



Retail Milk Co-ops. 



Milk marketing co-operatives 

 which retail fluid milk In cities 

 are often advantageous. They 

 are found to . best function in 

 cities of around 30,000 popula- 

 tion. Ventures of this kind are 

 located at^Wfukegan, Qulncy, and 

 Rock Isrand. In these places the 

 producers found, after making a 

 survey of the situation, that 

 there was a need for better milk 

 supply in these cities and condi- 

 tions generally beckoned them to 

 follow ' their product all the way 

 to market. There are perhaps 

 fifteen Illinois cities with suffi- 

 cient population to warrant a co- 

 operative retail milk plant. 



In some instances, the produc- 

 ers are advised not to go into the 

 retail milk business because local 

 conditions are not favorable. 

 For example, a large proportion 

 of the farmers may be renters 

 and hence the membership would 

 not be stable. In one locality, 

 action Is being delayed because 

 the city is located on the corner 

 of four counties, thus complicat- 

 ing the fituation. 



Path Not All Roses 



With present day Improvements 

 in transportation, the potential 

 area from which milk may be 

 shipped to a market has greatly 

 widened. A few years ago, dairy- 

 men would not have believed 

 that their milk would be shipped 

 70. 80, or 100 miles, to market. 

 At present, much milk is shipped 

 that far and considerably further. 



The proposition of transporta~ 

 tion is constantly starii s the 

 wholesale milk companies in the 

 face, especially at Chicago and 

 St, Louis. The surplus problem 

 is a big one and a difficult one to 

 handle. 



At St. Louis, the dairymen co- 

 operated for the wholesaling of 

 their milk to dealers and others 

 in that city. Their marketing 

 program was resisted and fought 

 rather bitterly by the dealers and 

 other interests. The company it- 

 self was new. Co-operation In 

 (Continued on page 3) 



i BBiaiaiana isiaiaiiaijapiiaiyaB 



IT ADTT DONi: YET 



Hard times has done their worst to us. 



We're feelin pretty sad; . I i « 

 A farmer's livin nowadays 1 « 



Is mighty all-fired bad. 

 We've worked an' slaved to raise our crops. 



An a wee sma' price we've bad; 

 But the Farm Bureau's a workin. 



An' it ain't done yet. 



We want the kids to go to school, 



ll'f bard to let 'em off; ■, 



The taxes take tur extra cash. 



Our horses have the cough. 

 The banker charges interest high, .. 



To him our hats we doff; 

 But the Farm Bureau's a workin'. 



An" it ain't done yet. 



The wifie's been complaimn' that 



Her clothes mn't fit to wear; 

 The kiddies' shoes are clean doru out. 



For money we can't spare. 

 My own clothes are a sight to see,' 



With many a patch an tear; 

 But the Farm Bureau's a workiu' 



An it ain't done yet. • | 



Somehow I ain't discouraged. 



For it really seems to me. 

 That though the hogs have cholera 



An the cows have got T. B. 

 Dark clouds are hreakin' in the sky. 



The sunshine soon we'll see; 

 For the Farm Bureau's a workin, 



An it ain't done yet. 



^-C. C. 



I 



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