and soybeans, cowpeas, lespedeza, 

 vetch, etc. for plowing under. 



The clovers and grasses may be 

 seedi^d with a luirse crop like oats or 

 barley, but the nurse crop must not 

 be allowed to go to seed. The AAA 

 changed its mind about classifying 

 small grain like oats and barley plowed 

 under or clipped and not seeded to 

 clover or grass, as a soil-conserving 

 crop. In an official statement. March 

 21, as reproduced in the April 

 RECORD, soil-conserving crops were 

 to include: "small grains when grown 

 alone, pa.stured or not. and turned un- 

 der in 1936 as a green manure crop." 



In a letter to J. C. Spitler. member 

 of the Illinois State Conservation Com- 

 mittee on April 16. G. B. Thorne. di- 

 rector of the north central division. 

 for the AAA. said: "Small grains, in- 

 cluding wheat, oats, rj-e, barley or 

 small grain mixtures, are classed as 

 soil-depleting when seeded alone re- 

 gardless of utilization. Annual leg- 

 umes and perennial grasses such as 

 sweet clover, red clover, timothy or 

 grass mixtures are classified as soil- 

 conserving even though they are seed- 

 ed with a nur.se crop if the nurse crop 

 i."; clipped green or pastured before 

 grain matures. 



Oats with new seeding of timothy 

 and pasture before oats mature is 

 classified as soil-conserving. 



Rye seeded in the fall of 1935 for 

 pasture and plowed under in the 

 spring of 1936 and seeded to soybeans 

 which are plowed under green is classi- 

 fied as soil conserving. 



When oats is seeded alone and pas- 

 tured until mid-summer and the land 

 is then prepared and seeded to alfalfa, 

 such land, according to Thorne. should 

 be classified as soil-depleting since 

 oats is the only crop harvested from the 

 land. 



Following arc illustrations showing 

 method of computing Class I and Class 

 II payments: 



TYPICAL EXAMPLE (A) 

 '""■ Crops 



JOHN HANDORF Jr. AND TRACTOR 

 "I'd like to go along If it works out all rigSt this year.' 



Total 



.180 



In the above example the farmer 

 may qualify and .secure the maximum 

 Class I payment by clipping or pas- 

 turing 21 acres (15*^ of '35 soil-deplet- 

 ing base) of oats this year. In this case 

 his Class I payment will be 21x$10 

 (using national average) or $210. This 

 21 acres is classified as a soil-building 

 crop and becomes eligible for Class II 

 payment figured at SI per acre. 



The Class II payment in this case 

 would be 61 acres (30 clover + 10 al- 

 falfa -^21 new seeding with nurse crop 

 taken off) x SI or $61. a total of $271. 

 The Class II payment is made for the 

 ■ ntire acreage of 1936 devoted to soil- 

 ■onserving crops. The Cass II pay- 

 ment, however, must be "earned." 

 This means that the cooperator must 

 either seed down the small grain 

 to clover or alfalfa, plow under 

 a green manure crop, put on lime- 

 stone, plant trees, etc. He is cred- 

 ited with SI to S2 per acre for 

 each acre (^f new seeding. SI for sweet 

 clover and alike. SI. 50 red clover, $2 

 alfalfa. SI. 50 for plowing under green 

 soybeans or cnvpea";. By applying two 

 tons or more P"r acre of limestone, he 

 gets credit for S''..50 per acre, and for 

 planting trees on crop land or pasture. 

 So per acre to'vard "earning" the Class 

 II payment. 



In illiistrati(n (A) above the co- 

 operator sows 50 acres to red clover. 

 At SI. .50 per acre this means a credit 

 of S75. Thus he more than "earns" the 

 S61 Class II payment. 



Followmg is an illustration in which 

 the co-operator increases the soil-de- 

 pleting acreage from 1935 to 1936 in 

 which case there is a penalty against 

 the Class II payment: 



Increases Soil Depleting Acreage (B) 

 1933 Crops 



Corn 50 acres) Soil-Deplet- 



Oats 70 " ) ing Base 



Soybeans 40 " ) 160 Acres 



Alfalfa 40 " 



Clover and 



Timothy 



Pasture 50 



Total 250 " 



1936 Crops 

 Corn 70 acres ) Soil-Deplet- 



Oats (new l ing Acreage 



seeding red ) 165 acres 



clover) 55 

 Soybeans 40 

 Alfalfa 40 " 

 Clover and 

 Timothy 

 Pasture 45 

 Total . ...250 " 



In this case the soil-depleting acre- 

 age is increased five acres in 19.36. But 

 there are 85 acres in soil-conserving 

 crops (alfalfa, clover, and timothy pas- 

 ture). 



The Cla.ss II payment is f gured at 

 85xSl— $85. There is no Class I pay- 

 ment because there was no reduction 

 of soil-depleting acreage. But there is 

 a penalty against the Class II payment 

 for increasing .soil-depleting acreage. 

 This penalty is the estimated Class I 

 rate per acre times the number of 

 acres. If the Class I rate of payment 

 on this farm would have been $10 per 

 acre then the penalty is five times $10. 

 or S50. This amount deducted from 

 the $85 Cla.ss II payment leaves $35 as 

 the net payment. 



Following is an example of a farm 



on which there is a low acreage in 



soil-conserving and soil-building crops. 



This is given to illustrate the penalty 



(Continued on page 8) 



I. A. A. RECORD 



