COMMERCIAL CORN AREA — 1938 CONSERVATION PROGRAM* 



Normal com acreage for the commercial com area is SU39,161 acrea; normal com production (10 year average) is 1,600,885.- 

 748 bu_' production of com in commercial com area in 1937 was 1,638.894,652 bu. or approximately two-thiids oi total U. S. production. 

 Red cross section indicates counties not in commercial area. 



The AAA of 1938— How It 



Win Operate On Illinois Farms 



(Continued from page 4) 



acreage and value of the different crops. 



The bill defines the terms to be used 

 as a guide to the administrators. For 

 example: "normal production" means the 

 normal yield for the farm or area times 

 the number of acres in the crop. "Nor- 

 mal supply" of corn shall be a normal 

 year's domestic consumption and exports 

 plus seven per cent. "Normal year's 

 domestic consumption" of com and 

 wheat is the yearly average quantity con- 

 sumed in the United States during the 

 10 preceding years adjusted for abnor- 

 mal conditions and trends. A five-year 

 experience is used for cotton. The "total 

 supply" of a commodity is the carryover 

 plus the estimated production during the 

 calendar year. The "reserve supply 

 level" for corn is the normal year's do- 

 mestic consumption and exports, plus 10 

 per cent. 



Farm Marketing Quotas 



Whenever, in any calendar year, the 

 Secretary of Agriculture determines that 

 the "total supply" of corn as of October 



1 will exceed the "normal supply" by 

 more than 10 per cent, marketing quotas 

 shall be in effect in the commercial corn 

 area. The Secretary then shall deter- 

 mine the acreage in the area which would 

 make available for the marketing year, 

 beginning October 1, a normal supply of 

 corn. The percentage which the number 

 of acres so determined is of the total 

 number of acres allotted to corn shall be 

 proclaimed and is referred to as the 

 "marketing percentage." The marketing 

 percentage is to be determined by August 

 15. 



By Secret Ballot 

 Within 20 days of such determination 

 the Secretary is directed to conduct a 

 referendum by secret ballot by farmers 

 who would be subject to such quotas. 

 If more than one-third oppose, the quota 



*The commercial torn area a confined to 

 counties in which the 10 year average corn 

 production is 450 bu. or more per farm and 

 4 bu. or more for each acre of farm land in 

 county. 



can not become effective. The method of 

 determining the number of bushels, if 

 any, each farmer must hold on his farm, 

 is set forth in the bill. The quotas are 

 to be terminated when the actual produc- 

 tion in any area, plus the amount stored 

 under seal, is less than the normal pro- 

 duction of the marketing percentage of 

 farm acreage allotments. Any farmer 

 who refuses to hold his fair share of the 

 com surplus on his farm when the mar- 

 keting quota is in force shall be subject 

 to a penalty of 15 cents per bushel of 

 the excess so marketed. 



The bill provides for piling up a 30 

 per cent surplus of wheat. The market- 

 ing quota is not to be invoked until the 

 total supply exceeds normal domestic 

 consumption and exports by more than 

 35 per cent. Here again a referendum 

 is required, and if more than one-third 

 of the producers oppose the quota it will 

 be susf>ended. Similar provisions apply 

 to cotton, tobacco, and rice, i 



Farmers to Control 



Administration of the program in the 

 township and county is to be controlled 

 by farmers themselves. Hereafter only 

 the state soil conservation committee will 

 be appointed. County and local commit- 



L A. A. RECORD 



