GARDEN BOTANY. xlix 



11. Pyrus, Pear, Apple. Man. p. 124. — Besides the American Crab, we 

 have in common cultivation, — 



P. COHimuilis, Pear. Leaves ovate, smooth ; flowers pure white ; fruit 

 tapering down to the peduncle. 



P. Malus, Apple. Leaves ovate, obtusely toothed, mostly downy be- 

 neath ; flowers tinged with pink ; fruit globular, sunk in at both ends. 



P. pruniiOiia, Siberian Crab. Leaves oblong-ovate, acuminate, ser- 

 rate, smooth; fruit smaller than that of the American Crab-Apple, and yellow- 

 ish; cult, for the fruit. This is probably a mere variety of P. baccuta, in 

 which the lobes of the calyx fall away from the fruit 



P. spectabilis, Chinese Flowering-Apple. Leaves oblong, finely 

 serrate, smooth ; flowers huge and showy, rose-red, usually semi double ; cult. 

 for ornament. 



P. aucuparia, European Rowan-tree, or Mountain-Ash. A larger 

 tree than our wild Mountain-Ash, and more commonly planted, except in the 

 interior of the Northern States ; leaflets 9-15, narrowly oblong, not taper- 

 pointed. 



12. Cydonia vulgaris, Common Quince. Flowers solitary at the tips 

 of the branches, white, appearing after the leaves ; leaves ovate and entire, 

 downy as well as the leaf-like lobes of the calyx ; fruit pear-shaped, and in one 

 variety apple-shaped. 



C. Japonica, Japan Quince. Flowers on side spurs of the thorny 

 branches, with short and rounded lobes to the calyx, and large scarlet petals 

 (single or partly double, also a pale or white variety), appearing a little before 

 the smooth oval leaves; fruit like a small apple, not eatable. A very orna- 

 mental shrub. 



Order CALYCANTHACEJE. The Calycanthuses, although here 

 generally met with only as planted shrubs, are all natives of the United States, 

 and are described in the Manual, p. 126. 



Order MYRTACEJE. Myrtle Family. 



Differs from the Pear Family, i. e. suborder Pomeoe of Rosacea?, by having 

 the leaves punctate with pellucid dots (under a magnifying-glass), and generally 

 opposite. But two of the three following are exceptions in the latter particular, 

 and the Pomegranate in both. 



Leaves not punctate, often alternate or whorled : ovary with two 



tiers of cells, one above the other 1. PUNICA. 



Leaves punctate, under a lens, 

 Alternate, turned edgewise by a twist : stamens very long and red. 2. CALLISTEMON. 

 Opposite, horizontal, in the usual wa} r : stamens not so long, white. 3. MYRTUS. 



1. Punica Granatum, Pomegranate. Low tree, with smooth and thin 

 narrowly oblong leaves; flowers solitary at the end of the branchlets, large, 

 bright scarlet (often full double) ; fruit red, containing many seeds invested by 

 an edible pulp. 



2. Calliste'mon laneeolatum, called Bottle-Brush, on account of 

 the appearance of the flowers (sessile all round the stem below the latei 

 leaves) with their very long red stamens, is a greenhouse shrub from Austra- 

 lia, with the leaves turned edgewise by a twist. 



3. Myrtus communis, Mvrtle. Shrub, with oblong-ovate smooth 

 leaves, and small white flowers, single or double. 



