42 VIOLACE.E. (VIOLET FAMILY.) 



i. §. c6nco!or, Ging. (Viola concolor, Pursh, &c.) — Woods, New 

 York to Illinois and southward. June. — Plant l°-2° high. Leaves oblong, 

 pointed at both ends, entire. Pod 1' long: after opening, each valve as it dries 

 folds together lengthwise firmly, projecting the large round seeds to a consider- 

 able distance. The same thing occurs in many Violets. 



2. VIOLA, L. Violet. Heart ? s-ease. 



Sepals extended or eared at the base. Petals somewhat unequal, the lower 

 one spurred at the base. Stamens closely surrounding the ovary, often slightly 

 cohering with each other ; the two lower ones bearing spurs which project into 

 the spur of the corolla. (The ancient Latin name of the genus.) 



* Stemless ; the leaves and scapes all from subterranean or prostrate rootstocks ; peren 

 nial. ( Commonly producing apetalous flowers all summer long, on shorter peduncles 

 concealed under the leaves, or on runners : these ripen seed much more freely than 

 the ordinary blossoms.) 



*- Flowers light yellow (small ; spur very short). 



1. Y. rotamlafolsa, Michx. (Round-leaved Violet.) Leaves 

 ronnd-ovate, heart-shaped, slightly crenatc ; lateral petals bearded and marked 

 with brown lines. — Cold woods, Maine to Michigan, and south along the Alle- 

 ghanies. April, May. — Smoothish : leaves 1' broad at flowering, increasing to 

 3' or 4' in the summer, then close pressed to the ground, shining above. 



■*- -4- Flowers ivhite ; the lower petals veined with lilac : spur short. 



2. V. laaceolata, L. (Lance-leaved Violet.) Smooth; leaves 

 lanceolate, erect, blunt, tapering into a long petiole, almost entire ; petals beardless. 

 — Damp soil, Maine to Illinois, Kentucky, and southward ; common near the 

 coast. May. 



3. Y. primtilaefdlia, L. (Primrose-leaved Violet.) Smooth or 

 a little pubescent ; leaves oblong or ovate, abrupt or somewhat heart-shaped at the 

 base; petals often acute, the lateral ones usually sparingly bearded. (V. acuta, 

 Bigelow.) — Damp soil; with No. 2 : intermediate between it and No. 4. 



4. Y. Manda, Willd. (Sweet White Violet.) Leaves round-heart- 

 shaped or kidney-form, minutely pubescent; petals beardless. — Damp places, 

 Maine to Wisconsin and Kentucky. April, May. — Flowers small, faintly 

 sweet-scented. 



-t- h — t- Flowers violet or blue. 



5. V. palusfris, L. (Marsh Violet.) Smooth ; leaves round-heart- 

 shaped and kidney-form, slightly crcnate; flowers (small) pale lilac with purplo 

 streaks, nearly beardless ; spur very short and obtuse. — Alpine summits of tho 

 White Mountains, New Hampshire ; June. (Eu.) 



6. V. Selfeil'liii, Goldie. (Great-spurred Violet.) Leaves round- 

 heart-shaped with a deep narrowed sinus, hairy abov?, lying flat on the ground ; 

 spur nearly as long as the beardless petals, thickened at the end ; anther-spurs very 

 long. _ Shaded hills, W. Massachusetts and the adjacent parts of New York, 

 thence northward. May. — A rare and delicate species, 2' high; the flowers 

 large in proportion. 



