CAUYOPHYLLACEJi. (PINK FAMILT.) 55 



from sapo, soap, the mucilaginous juice of the common species forming a lather 

 with water.) 



l. S. officinalis, L. (Common Soapwort. Bouncing Bet.) Clus- 

 ters coiymbed ; calyx cylindrical, slightly downy ; petals crowned -with an ap- 

 pendage at the top of the claw; leaves oval-lanceolate. % — Road-sides, &c. 

 July -Sept. — A stout plant with large rose-colored flowers, which are com- 

 monly double. (Adv. from Eu.) 



3. VACCARIA, Medik. Cow-Herb. 



Calyx naked at the base, ovoid-pyramidal, 5-angled, 5-toothed, enlarged and 

 wing-angled in fruit. Petals not crowned. Stamens 10. Styles 2. Pod in 

 completely 4-celled at the base. — A smooth annual herb, with pale red flowers 

 in coiymbed cymes, and ovate-lanceolate leaves. (Name from Vacca, a cow.) 



1. V. vulgaris, Host. (Saponaria Vaccaria, L.) — Escaped from gardens 

 and becoming spontaneous in some places. (Adv. from Eu.) 



4. SILENE, L. Catchflt. Campion. 



Calyx tubular, 5-toothed, naked at the base. Stamens 10. Styles 3, rarely 4. 

 Pod 1-celled, or 3-celled at least at the base, opening by C teeth at the apex. 

 Embryo coiled. — Flowers solitary or in clustered cymes. Petals mostly 

 crowned with a scale at the base of the blade. (Name from <rlakov, saliva, 

 in allusion to the viscid secretion on the stems and calyx of many species. 

 The English name Catchfly alludes to the same peculiarity.) 



* Calyx bladdery-inflated : perennial : flowers panicled, ichite. 



1. S. stellata, Ait. (Starry Campion.) Leaves in whorls of 4, ovate 

 lanceolate, taper-pointed; calyx bell-shaped; petals cut into a fringe, crownless. — 

 Wooded banks, Rhode Island to Wisconsin, Kentucky, and southward. July. 

 — Stem 3° high, minutely pubescent, with a large and open pyramidal panicle. 

 Corolla $' broad. (Cucubalus stellatus, L.) 



2. S. llivea, DC. Leaves opposite, lanceolate or oblong, taper-pointed; ca- 

 lyx oblong; petals wedge-form, 2-cleft, minutely crowned. — Columbia, Pennsyl- 

 vania, to Ohio and Illinois : rare. July. — Stem l°-2° high, almost smooth. 

 Flowers few, larger than in No. 1. 



3. S. inflata, Smith. (Bladder Campion.) Glaucous; leaves opposite, 

 ovate-lanceolate ; calyx globular, much inflated, elegantly veined ; petals 2-cleft, 

 nearly crownless. — Fields and road-sides, E. New England. July. — Afoot 

 high. Flowers loosely cymose. (Nat. from Eu.) 



# # Calyx elongated or club-shaped, not inflated except by the enlarging pod : flowers 

 cymose or clustered: perennial, pubescent with viscid hairs, especially the calyx: 

 petals crowned, red or rose-color. 



4. S. PeiBSisySvfiittica, Michx. (Wild Pink.) Stems low (4' - 8. 

 high) ; root-leaves narrowly spatulate, nearly glabrous, tapering into hairy peti- 

 oles ; stem-leaves (2-3 pairs) lanceolate; flowers clustered, shoi t-stalked ; calyjc 

 club-shaped ; petals wedge-form, slightly notched and ei-odcd at the end, purple rose- 



