126 CALYCANTHACE^. (CAROLINA-ALLSPICE FAMILY.J 



Yar. olsloagifoliia ; a smaller tree or shrub ; leaves oblong, beneath, like 

 the branchlefes, white-downy when young ; racemes and petals shorter. 



Var. rotumlifolia; with broader leaves and smaller petals than in the 

 first variety ; racemes 6 - 10-flowered. 



Var. alliifuUa; shrub, with the roundish leaves blunt or notched at both 

 ends, serrate towards the summit; racemes dense and many-flowered. — Chiefly 

 in the Western States, and- westward. 



Var. oligocarpa.; shrub, with thin and smooth narrowly oblong leaves, 

 2-4-flowered racemes, the broader petals scarcely thrice the length of the calyx. 

 — Cold and deep mountain swamps, northward. 



Cvtdonia vulgaris, the Quince, and C. Jap6nica, the ornamental Japan 

 Quince, differ from the order generally in their many-seeded carpels. 



Order 40. CALYCANTHACEiE. (Carolina-Allspice 



Family.) 



Shrubs icith opposite entire leaves, no stipules, the sepals and petals similar 

 and indefinite, the anthers adnate and extrorse, and the cotyledons convolute : 

 — otherwise like Rosacea. Chiefly represented by the genus 



1. C AI, YC AN THUS, L. Carolina Allspice. Sweet- 



Scented Shrub. 



Calyx of many sepals, united below into a fleshy inversely conical cup (with 

 some leaf-like bractlcts growing from it) ; the lobes lanceolate, mostly colored 

 like the petals ; which arc similar, in many rows, tliickish, inserted on the top 

 of the closed calyx-tube. Stamens numerous, inserted just within the petals, 

 short; some of the inner ones sterile (destitute of anthers). Pistils several or 

 many, enclosed in the calyx-tube, inserted on its base and inner face, resembling 

 those of the Rose. Fruit like a rose-hip, but dry when ripe, and larger, en- 

 closing the large achenia. — Shrubs, with opposite entire leaves, and large lurid- 

 purple flowers terminating the leafy branches. Bark and foliage aromatic ; the 

 crushed flowers exhaling more or less the fragrance of strawberries. (Name 

 composed of KaXuf , a cup or calyx, and uvBos, flower, from the closed cup which 

 contains the pistils.) 



1. C floi'iilllS, L. Leaves oval, soft-downy underneath. — Virginia? and 

 southward, on hill-sides in rich soil. Common in gardens. April -Aug. 



2. C. laevigatas, Willd. Leaves oblong, thin, either blunt or taper- 

 pointed, bright green and glabrous or nearly so on both sides, or rather pale be- 

 neath; flowers smaller. — Mountains of Franklin Co., Penn. [Prof. Porter), 

 and southward along the Alleghanies. May -Aug. 



3. C. glailClBS, Willd. Leaves oblong-ovate or ovate-lanceolate ; conspic- 

 uously taper-pointed, glaucous-white beneath, roughish above, glabrous, larger than 

 in the others (4'- V long) ; the flowers also larger. —Virginia 1 near the moun- 

 tains and southward. May -Aug. 



