COMPOSITE. (COMPOSITE FAMILY.) 180 



Acheiiia terete. Pappus of soft capillary bristles, longer anc copious in the 

 fertile flowers. — Perennial woolly herbs, with the leaves all froji the rootstock, 

 the scape with sheathing scaly bracts, bearing heads of purplish or whitish 

 fragrant flowers in a corymb. (Name from vap8os, spikenard, and vaurj, odor.; 

 1. W. palimtta, Hook. Leaves rounded, somewhat kidney-form, whits- 

 woolly beneath, palmately and deeply 5 - 7-lobed, the lobes toothed and cut. 

 (Tussilago palmata, Ait. T. frigida, Bigd.) — Swamps, Maine and Mass. to 

 Michigan and northward : rare May. — Full-grown leaves €' - 10' broad. 



10. TUSSILAGO, Tourn. Coltsfoot. 



Head many-flowered ; the ray-flowers narrowly Iigulate, pistillate, fertile, in 

 many rows ; the tubular disk-flowers few, staminate. Scales of the involucre 

 nearly in a single row. Receptacle flat. Fertile ochenia cylindrical-oblong. 

 Pappus capillary, copious in the fertile flowers. — A low perennial, with hori- 

 zontal creeping rootstocks, sending up scaly simple scapes in early spring, 

 bearing a single head, and producing rounded-heart-shaped angled or toothed 

 leaves later in the season, woolly when young. Flowers yellow. (Name from 

 tussis, a cough, for which the plant is a reputed remedy.) 



1. T. Farfara, L. — Wet places, and along brooks, northern parts of New 

 England and New York. (Nat. from Eu.) 



11. A©EI¥©CAtJL,OIV, Hook. Adenocaulou. 



Heads 5-10-flowered; the flowers all tubular and with similar corollas ; the 

 marginal ones pistillate, fertile ; the others staminate. Scales of the involucre 

 equal, in a single row. Achenia elongated at maturity, club-shaped, beset with 

 stalked glands above. Pappus none. — Slender perennials, with the alternate 

 thin and petioled leaves smooth and green above, white woolly beneath, and few 

 small (whitish) heads in a loose panicle, beset with glands (whence the name, 

 from dS?;y, « gland, and KavXos, a stem). 



1. A. bicolor, Hook. Leaves triangular, rather heart-shaped, with angu- 

 iar-toothed margins ; petioles margined. — Moist woods, shore of L. Superior, 

 and northwestward. 



12. SEBiCOCABPUS, Nees. White-topped Aster. 



Heads 12-15-flowered, radiate; the rays about 5, fertile (white). Involucre 

 Bomcwhat cylindrical or club-shaped; the scales closely imbricated in several 

 rows, cartilaginous and whitish, apprcsscd, with short and abrupt often spread- 

 ing green tips. Receptacle alveolate-toothed. Achenia short, inversely py- 

 ramidal, very silky. Pappus simple, of numerous capillary bristles. — Peren- 

 nial tufted herbs (l°-2° high), with sessile somewhat 3-nerved leaves, and 

 small heads mostly in little clusters, disposed in a flat corymb Disk-flowers 

 pale yellow. (Name from <rnpiKos, silhj, and Kapnos* fruit.) 



1. S. SOiidaglneus, Nees. Smooth, slender; leaves linear, rigid, ob- 

 tuse, entire, with rough margins, tapering to the base ; heads narrow (3" long^ 



