1D8 COMPOSITE. (composite FAMILY.) 



spring, and yepcov, an old man, suggested by the hoary appearr.nce of some of 

 the vernal species.) 



§ 1. CiENOTUS, Nutt. — Rays inconspicuous, in several rows, sccrcebj longer than 

 the pappus: disk-corollas 4-toothed : pappus simple : annuals and biennials: heads 

 very small, cylindrical. 



1. E. CanadeniSC, L. (Horse-weed. Butter-weed.) Bristly- 

 hairy; stem erect, wand-like (5' -5° high); leaves linear, mostly entire; those 

 from the root cut-lobed ; heads very numerous, panicled. — Waste places ; a com- 

 mon weed, now widely diffused over the world. July -Oct. — Ligules much 

 shorter than their tube, white. 



2. E. tlivai'icataan, Michx. Diffuse and decumbent (3'- 6' high) ; leaves 

 linear or awl-shaped ; heads loosely corymbed; rays purple: otherwise like No. 1. 

 — Illinois, Kentucky, and southward. 



§2. EUERfGERON, Torr. & Gr. — Rays elongated, crowded in one or more 

 rows : pappus simple. (Erect perennials : heads somewhat corymbed.) 



3. E. bclSidi folium, Muhl. (Robin's Plantain.) Hairy, producing 

 offsets from the base; stem simple, rather naked above, bearing few (1-9) large 

 heads on slender peduncles, root-leaves obovatc and spatulate, sparingly 

 toothed ; those of the stem distant, lanceolate-oblong, partly clasping, entire ; 

 rays {about 50) ratlier broadly linear, light bluish-purple. — Copses and moist 

 banks ; common. May. 



4. E. FMladX'lpIlicailll, L. (Fleabane.) Hairy ; stem leafy, cor- 

 ymbed, bearing several small heads ; leaves thin, with a broad midrib, ohlong ; 

 the upper smoothish, clasping by a heart-shaped base, mostly entire ; the lowest 

 spatulate, toothed; rays innumerable and very nairow, rose-purple or flesh-color. 

 (E. purpurcum, Ait.) — Moist ground; common. June- Aug. 



| 3. STENACTIS, Cass. — Some of the oulerbrisll.es of the pappus short and 

 minute, or rather chaffy : otherwise as § 2. 



5. E. glabeiiasil, Nutt. Stem (6' -15' high) stout, hairy above, the 

 leafless summit bearing 1-7 large heads ; leaves nearly glabrous, except the 

 margins, entire, the upper oblong-lanceolate aud pointed, closely sessile or 

 partly clasping, the lower spatulate and petioled; rays (more than 100, purple) 

 more than twice the length of the hoary-hispid involucre. — Plains, St. Croix 

 River, Wisconsin, and northward. June. 



§ 4. PHALACROLOMA, Cass. — Rays numerous, but nearly in a single row, 

 conspicuous : pappus plainly double, the outer a crown of minute chaffy-bristle.-form 

 scales ; the inner of scanty capillary bristles which are deciduous, or entirely want- 

 inq in the ray : annuals and biennials. 



G. E* asiBlimaw, Pers. (Daist Fleaeane. Sweet Scabious.) Stem 

 stout (3° -5° high), branched, beset ivith spreading hairs: leaves coarsely and 

 sharply toothed; the lowest ovate, tapering into a margined petiole; the upper 

 ovate-lanceolate, acute and entire at both ends; heads corymbed; rays white, 

 tinged with purple, not twice the length of the bristly im olucre. (E. hetero- 

 phyllum, Muhl. E. strigosum, Bigel.) — Fields and waste places; a very 

 common weed. (Nat. in Europe.) June -Aug. 



