224 COMPOSITES. (composite family.) 



or point. — Erect, brandling herbs, with alternate leaves decurrent on the angled 

 stem and branches, which are terminated by single or coiymbed (yellow, rarely 

 purple) heads; often sprinkled with bitter and aromatic resinous globules. 

 (Named after Helen, the wife of Mcuelaus.) 



1. H. autuiiuiale, L. (Sneeze-weed.) Nearly smooth ; leaves lan- 

 ceolate, toothed ; rays longer than the globular disk. \ — Alluvial river-banks ; 

 common (except in New England). Sept. — Plant l°-3° high, bitter: the 

 corymbed heads showy. 



4L7. LEPTOPODA, Nutt. Leptopoda. 



Rays neutral. Otherwise nearly as in Helenium. — In the true species (of 

 which L. puberula and L. brevifolia may be found in S. Virginia) the stems are 

 6imple, naked above, like a long peduncle, and bearing a single head (whence 

 the name, from \ctttos, slender, and Trovs,foot) ; but the following is leafy to the 

 top, and branched. 



1. L. feraclsypoda, Torr. & Gray. Stem coiymbed at the summit (1° 

 -4° high); leaves oblong-lanceolate, decurrent on the stem; disk globular, 

 brownish; rays pretty large (£'-§' long), yellow, or in one variety brownish- 

 purple, sometimes with an imperfect style. 1J. — Damp soil, from Illinois south- 

 ward. June - Aug. 



4§. BALDWINIA, Nutt. Baldwinia. 



Heads globular, many-flowered, radiate ; the long and narrowly wedge-shaped 

 rays neutral. Involucre short, of many thickish small scales imbricated in 3 or 

 4 rows, the outer obovate and obtuse. Receptacle strongly convex, with deep 

 honeycomb-like cells containing the obconical or oblong silky-villous achenia. 

 Pappus of 7 -9 lance-oblong erect chaffy scales.— A perennial herb, smoothish, 

 with slender simple stems (2° -3° high), bearing alternate oblanceolate leaves, 

 and the long naked summit terminated by a showy large head. Rays yellow 

 (1' long) ; the disk-flowers often turning dark purple. (Named for the late Dr. 

 William Baldwin.) 



1. B. uniflora, Nutt. — Borders of swamps, Virginia and southward 

 Aug. 



49. MABSHALLIA, Schreb. Marshallia. 



Heads many-flowered ; the flowers all tubular and perfect. Scales of Uto 

 involucre linear-lanceolate, foliaceous, erect, in one or two rows, nearly equal. 

 Receptacle convex or conical, with narrowly linear rigid chaff among the flowers. 

 Lobes of the corolla slender, spreading. Achenia top-shaped, 5-anglcd. Pap- 

 pus of 5 or 6 membranaceous and pointed chaffy scales. — Smooth and low 

 perennials, with alternate and entire 3-nerved leaves, and solitary heads (re- 

 sembling those of a Scabious) terminating the naked summit of the simple stem 

 or branches. Flowers purplish ; the anthers blue. (Named for Humphry 

 Marshall, of Pennsylvania, author of one of the earliest works on the trees and 

 shrubs of this country.) 



