SCKOPHULARIACE^E. (FIGWOKT FAMILY ) 295 



22. EUPHRASIA, Tourn. Eyebright. 



Calyx tubular or bell-shaped, 4-clcft. Upper lip of the corolla scarcely arched, 

 2-lobed, the lobes broad and spreading; lower lip spreading. 3-cleft, the lobes 

 obtuse or notched. Stamens 4, under the upper lip : anther-cells equal, pointed 

 at the base. Pod oblong, flattened. Seeds numerous. — Herbs with branching 

 stems, and opposite toothed or cut leaves. Flowers small, spiked. (Name 

 elcppacrla, cheerfulness, in allusion to its reputed medicinal properties.) 



1. IE. officiis&lis, L. Low; leaves ovate, oblong, or lanceolate, the 

 lowest crenate, the floral bristly-toothed ; lobes of the lower lip of the (whitish, 

 yellowish, or bluish) corolla notched. (j; — Alpine summits of the White 

 Mountains, New Hampshire (Oakes), L. Superior, and northward. A dwarf 

 variety, l'-5' high, with very small flowers. (E. pusilla, Godet, mss.) (Eu.) 



23. KIIUVAXTIIUS, L. Yellow-Rattle. 



Calyx membranaceous, flattened, much inflated in fruit, 4-toothcd. Upper 

 Up of the corolla arched, ovate, obtuse, flattened, entire at the summit, but fur- 

 nished with a minute tooth on each side below the apex ; lower lip 3-Iobed. 

 Stamens 4, under the upper lip : anthers approximate, hairy, transverse ; the 

 cells equal, pointless. Pod orbicular, flattened. Seeds many, orbicular, winged. 

 — Annual upright herbs, with opposite leaves; the lower oblong or linear; the 

 upper lanceolate, toothed; the floral rounded and cut-serrate witli bristly teeth; 

 the solitary yellow flowers nearly sessile in their axils, and crowded in a one- 

 sided spike. (Name composed of piv, a snout, and iivdos, a flower, from the 

 beaked upper lip of the corolla in some species formerly of this genus.) 



1. K. Crista-galli, L. (Common Yellow-Rattle.) Leaves oblong 

 or lanceolate; seeds broadly winged (when ripe they rattle in the large inflated 

 calyx, whence the English popular name). — Moist meadows, Plymouth, Mass. 

 (introduced?), White. Mountains, N. Hampshire, and northward. (Eu.) 



24. FEDICUL.ARIS, Tourn. Lousewort. 



Calyx tubular or bell-shaped, variously 2-5-toothed, and more or less cleft 

 in front. Corolla strongly 2-lippcd; the upper lip arched, flattened, often 

 beaked at the apex ; the lower erect at the base, 2-crcsted above, 3-lobed ; the 

 lobes commonly spreading, the lateral ones rounded and larger. Stamens 4, 

 under the upper lip : anthers transverse ; the cells equal, pointless. Pod ovate 

 or lanceolate, mostly oblique, several-seeded. — Perennial herbs, with chiefly 

 pinnatitid leaves, the floral bract-like, and rather large flowers in a spike. 

 (Name from pediculus, a louse ; of no obvious application.) 



1. P. Canadensis, L. (Common Lousewort. Wood Betony.) 

 Hairy; stems simple, clustered (5' -12' high); leaves scattered; the lowest pin- 

 nately parted; the others half-pinnatifid; spike short and dense; calyx split in 

 front, otherwise almost entire, oblique ; upper lip of the (dull greenish-yellow 

 and purplish) corolla hooded, incurved, 2-toothed under the apex; pod flat, some- 

 what sword-shaped. — Copses and banks ; common. May -July. 



