464 SMILACE^E. (SMILAX FAMILY.) 



1. T. Sessile, L. Leaves also sessile, ovate or rhomboidal, acute, often 

 blotched or spotted ; sessile petals erect-spreading (dark and dull purple, varying 

 to greenish). — Moist woods, Penn. to Wisconsin, and southward. April, 

 May. — Stem 4' - 12' high. 



2. T. recurvietum, Beck. Leaves contracted at the base into a petiole, 

 ovale, oblong, or obovate ; sepals reflexed, petals pointed at both ends, unguicuhue, 

 dark purple. — Wisconsin, Illinois, Kentucky, and southward. April. 



§ 2. Flower raised on a peduncle : petals withering away soon after blossoming. 

 # Short peduncle recurved under the leaves: rootstocks clustered, bearing 2-3 stems. 



3. T. cerntmni, L. (Nodding Trillium or Wake-Robin.) Leaves 

 broadly rhomboid, pointed, nearly sessile ; petals white, oblong-ovate, pointed, re- 

 curved, wavy, rather longer than the sepals. — Moist woods, N. England to Vir- 

 ginia, Kentucky, and southward ; common eastward. May. — Petals |'-1' long. 



* * Peduncle erect or at length nodding : rootstocks bearing a si?igle stem. 

 -*- Leaves sessile, abruptly taper-pointed. 



4. T. er£ctum. L. (Pukple Trillium. Bikthroot.) Leaves dilat- 

 ed-rhomboided, nearly as broad as long, very abruptly pointed ; petals ovate, acutish, 

 dark dull purple, spreading, little longer than the sepals (l'-H' long). (T. 

 rhomboideum, var. atropurpureum, Michx.) — Rich woods ; common northward, 

 especially westward, and along the Alleghanies. May. — Peduncle 1 ' - 3' long, 

 at length inclined. 



Var. alMllH, Pursh. Petals greenish-white, or rarely yellowish; ovaiy 

 mostly dull-purple. (T. pendulum, Ait., &c.) — With the purple-flowered form, 

 especially from New York westward. 



5. T. graiadafflortiBia, Salisb. (Large White Trillium.) Leaves 

 rhomboid-obovate, longer than broad, more taper-pointed, barely sessile ; petals obo- 

 vate, spreading from an erect base, longer and much broader than the sepals 

 (2' -2^' long), white, changing with age to rose-color. — Rich woods, Vermont to 

 Wisconsin and Kentucky, and northward. June. —Flower on a peduncle 2'- 

 3' long, very handsome. 



■«- +- Leaves petioled, rounded at the base. 



6. T. nivafic, Riddell. (Dwarf White Trillium.) Small (2'-3' 

 high) ; leaves oval or ovate, obtuse : petals oval-lanceolate, obtuse, rather wavy, white, 

 as long as the peduncle, longer than the sepals. — Rich woods, Ohio to Wiscon- 

 sin. April. —Leaves 1' - 2', and petals 1', long. Styles long and thread-like. 



7. T. erytlirociirpitlll, Michx. (Painted Trillium.) Leaves ovate, 

 taper-pointed; petals ovate or oval-lanceolate, pointed, wavy, widely spreading, white 

 painted with purple stripes at the base, almost twice the length of the sepals, shorter 

 than the peduncle. (T. pictum, Pursh.) — Cold damp woods and bogs, New 

 England to Lake Superior and northward, and southward in the higher Alle- 

 ghanies through Virginia. May, June. 



3. BIEDEOLA, Gronov. Indian Cucumber-root. 



Flowers perfect. Perianth revolute, of 3 sepals and 3 petals which are oblong 

 and alike (pale greenish-yellow), deciduous. Stamenr 6 : filaments thread-like, 



